Fetal Circulation .pptx

fetal circulation.pptx
Fetal Circulation PPT
Fetal circulation
Fetal circulation slideshare
Fetal circulation notes

1. FETAL CIRCULATION Ghanshyam medical education

2. INTRODUCTION The fetal circulation system is distinctly different from adult circulation. The fetus receive oxygen and nutrient from the placenta for the development. Normal fetal heart rate between 110 and 160 beats per minute. Fetus must have blood flow to placenta.

3. INTRODUCTION Conti …. By the third month of development, all major blood vessels are present and function. There are several temporary structures in addition to the placenta and umbilical cord that enable the fetal circulation.

4. DEFINITION The circulation of blood from placenta to and through the fetus and back to the placenta know as fetal circulation. OR Fetal circulation is a circulation of oxygenated blood, deoxygenated blood, nutritive material etc in the fetus from mother.

5. FUNCTION The fetal circulatory system provides the fetus with nutrients and oxygen while removing waste product and carbon dioxide from fetal circulation.

6. TEMPORARY STRUCTURE 1 UMBILICAL VEIN A vein that carries oxygenated blood and nutrients from the placenta to the fetal body.

7. TEMPORARY STRUCTURE cont.. 2 UMBILICAL ARTERIES Branches of iliac arteries, returning deoxygenated blood from the fetal back to the placenta.

8. TEMPORARY STRUCTURE cont.. DUCTUS VENOSUS Meaning- A duct from vein to another vein. It is a continuation of umbilical vein. Convey 85 % oxygenated blood. As it passes into the fetal abdomen, it gives branches to the liver, after bypass the liver, it joins to the inferior vena cava that is called as Ductus venosus .

9. TEMPORARY STRUCTURE cont.. This causing mixing of oxygenated blood from the placenta, with deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the fetal body.

10. TEMPORARY STRUCTURE cont.. FORAMEN OVALE Meaning- oval opening. It is an opening in the septum between the right atrium and left atrium of the fetal heart. The foramen ovale is constructed with a valve or flap on the left side of the septum.

11. FORAMEN OVALE

12. TEMPORARY STRUCTURE cont.. DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS Meaning- duct from artery to another artery. It is a duct which leads from the junction of the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta. As the lungs are not functioning, most of the blood is diverted, via this ductus arteriosus , into the descending arch of aorta.

13. DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS

14. THE FETAL CIRCULATION The umbilical vein transports blood rich in oxygen and nutrients from the placenta to the fetal body . The umbilical vein enters the body through umbilical ring and travels along the abdominal wall to the liver.

15. cont… About half of the blood it carries, passes into the liver, where it gives off a branch to the liver and later joins the inferior venacava via the hepatic vein. The other half of the blood bypasses the liver through a shunt called ductus venosus .

16. cont… Blood then travels to the heart through the inferior venacava and mixes with deoxygenated blood returning from the superior venacava and empties into the right atrium of the heart. After that, fetal lungs are not functioning, most of the blood bypass the right ventricle (2/3) and be shunted to the left atrium (1/3) via foramen ovale .

17. cont… Some blood will enter from right atrium to right ventricle and proceed into the pulmonary trunk. However most of the blood will be shunted away from pulmonary trunk and into the Aorta via the Ductus Arteriosus.

18. cont… A little blood travels to the lungs in the pulmonary artery, for their development. The rest of the blood travel down the descending aorta, mixing with deoxygenated blood from right ventricle.

19. cont… The rest of the blood passes into the umbilical arteries which branch from the internal iliac arteries ( descending aorta) and lead to placenta. The placenta reoxygenates blood returning from the umbilical arteries and repeat the fetal cardiovascular cycle.

20. THE CHANGES AT BIRTH FORAMEN OVALE FORAMEN OVALIS DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS LIGAMENTUM ARTETIOSUM DUCTUS VENOSUM LIGAMENTUM VENOSUM UMBILICAL ARTERIES UMBILICAL LIGAMENTS UMBILICAL VEIN LIGAMENTUM TERES

21. SUMMARY Through the blood vessels in the umbilical cord, the fetus receives all the necessary nutrition, oxygen, and life support from the mother through the placenta. Waste product and carbon dioxide from the fetus are sent back through the umbilical cord and placenta.

22. BIBLIOGRAPHY Datta Parul, A textbook to pediatric nursing , edition 4 th ,heart disease in children, page 280-282 . Bhaskar Neema, Midwifery and Obstetrical Nursing, edition 3 rd , Unit II, review of anatomy and physiology of female reproductive system and foetal development.

23. THANK YOU!