Final- Group 2 Control Mechanisms and Usefulness in epidemic outbreak_121025.pptx

Presentation on control mechanism

1. CONTROL MECHANISMS AND USEFULNESS IN EPIDEMIC OUTBREAK By Group II

2. Group Members 1 . David Nyewah Boley , Jr. ID: 82066 2. Austin Namo Brown, Jr. ID: 47558 3. Korto Bryant ID: 100408 4. Cordelia K. Capehart ID: 105523

3. INTRODUCTION… Epidemic outbreaks pose significant challenges to public health. In this presentation we explore strategic control mechanisms for Managing epidemic outbreaks. analyze the effectiveness and usefulness of these control mechanisms. State the challenges in implementing control mechanisms

4. Types of Control Mechanisms Quarantine Surveillance Isolation Social distancing Travel restrictions Personal protective equipment (PPE ) Mass gatherings restrictions Types Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) Pharmaceutical interventions Vaccines Antimicrobials (antibiotics, antivirals )

5. Quarantine and Isolation Quarantine Separation of individuals who have been exposed to an infectious disease but are not yet symptomatic . C ollaboration with health organizations to ensure a coordinated response during an outbreak. Separation of individuals who are confirmed to have an infectious disease. Isolation

6. Effectiveness of Surveillannce Surveillance Crucial for early detection of outbreaks Health authorities can identify trends, allocate resources, and implement timely interventions to reduces disease spread. Data analysitcs and reporting technologies are utilized A system of close, continuous observation of all aspects of the occurrence and distribution of a disease through systematic collection, tabulation, analysis and timely dissemination of all relevant data pertaining to that disease. ( Public Health Policy) Surveillance

7. Maintaining physical distance between individuals to reduce the transmission of disease An empty street market in Monrovia's West Point district, 20 August 2014 Source : https://www.fao.org/newsroom Limiting movement between regions or countries to prevent the spread of disease Social Distancing and Travel Restrictions Social Distancing Travel Restrictions

8. Mass Gatherings Restrictions PPE and Mass Gathering Restrictions Limiting or prohibiting large gatherings to prevent the spread of disease Examples: Concerts, sporting events, religious services Reduces the risk of disease transmission in crowded settings. Equipment worn to protect individuals from exposure to infectious agents Protects healthcare workers and reduces the risk of healthcare-associated infections Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

9. Antimicrobials Pharmaceutical Interventions Drugs used to treat infections caused by microorganisms Examples: Antibiotics, antivirals Treats infections Reduces the spread of disease Biological preparations that stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies against a specific disease . Prevents disease occurrence Reduces the severity of illness Provides herd immunity Vaccines

10. CASE STUDIES Contact tracing Community engagement Isolation and Treatment facilities Social distancing Travel restrictions Personal protective equipment (PPE ) Mass gatherings restrictions Examples of successful epidemic control in Liberia Ebola Outbreak (2014 -2015) Lassa Fever Outbreak (On going) Early detection and response Public Health Education Personnel training

11. Ensuring compliance with control measures Balancing public health with economic considerations Ensuring equitable access to control measures, especially in vulnerable populations. Addressing new and emerging infectious diseases Challenges in Implementation Adherence Equity Economic impact Emerging threats

12. Conclusion Effective control mechanisms are necessary for protecting public health and averting the devastating consequences of infectious disease outbreaks By implementing these measures, we can safeguard our communities, preserve healthcare systems, and promote economic stability

13. THANK YOU !

14. Reference World Health Organization (WHO). (2020). Epidemic preparedness and response: A framework for national action Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). ( 2021). Outbreak response: A field guide . Klinkenberg , D., & van der Werf , S. J. (2016). Outbreak response: A systematic review of the literature Food and agricultural Organizaation of the United States htps :// www.fao.org/newsroom