Fire Triangle PPT.pptx

discussion about fire triangle

1. Fire Hazards: Concepts and Causes Prepared by: Eunne A. Daraman GAS Strand

2. Objectives:  Discuss the elements of fire triangle  Identify the different causes of fire  Apply how fire can be prevented and  Orient oneself about precautionary measures and procedures in a fire incident

3. Fire Me Up!

4. 1. How can a match create a fire? Ans : The match head is made of potassium chlorate. When it gets hot, it releases a lot of extra oxygen and heat. These makes the match head burn quickly and strongly. 2. Why do you think the fire was extinguished after a while when a glass covered the lighted candle? Ans : This happens because oxygen in the air inside the glass is utilized in burning the candle. All oxygen gets converted into carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide does not support burning and hence candles stops burning.

5. Fire Triangle is a simple way of understanding components of fire. Each side of the triangle represents components needed to have a fire.

6. Oxygen supporting a fire must be at least 16% content to burn. Fuel is considered any material capable of burning and is characterized by its moisture content, size, shape, quantity, and the arrangement in which it is spread over the landscape . Combustible material such as; grass, wood, shrubs, etc. A heat source is responsible for the initial ignition of fire, and heat is also needed to maintain the fire and permit it to spread. Heat allows fire to spread by removing the moisture from nearby fuel, warming surrounding air and preheating the fuel in its path. Lightning, cigarettes, power lines, small engine sparks, matches, magnifying glass, etc.

7. Common Causes of Fire

8. Electrical Faulty wiring is a misnomer. If there is actually faulty wiring, there would have been no electrical power from the very start when you switch on the circuit breaker or the main service protective equipment. What actually happens is that the wires or circuit becomes overloaded due to increase in the load the circuit carries without changing the size of the wires. The subsequent effect will be weakening of the insulation of the wires due to overheating in the circuit caused by the additional load.

9. Incendiarism (Arson) It pertains to the malicious burning of property, using certain chemicals, bombs, etc , and causing fire start.

10. Open flames Unattended burning candles or kerosene lamps that are placed near flammable/ combustible material is a fire waiting to happen. Unattended cooking causes most fires in the homes that occur in the kitchen. Oil or fat starting to smoke is near the combustion point and can ignite violently.

11. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) LPG is liquid inside the container, but immediately transforms to the gaseous state when released. It is liquefied so it can be stored economically and transported easily. A gallon of liquid LPG in a bottle will expand about 270 times as much when suspended in a vapor form. LPG is colorless, tasteless & odorless, but odorizing agent called “ethyl mercaptan ” is introduced so that leaks can be easily detected.

12. Fireworks These are beautiful pyrotechnic displays resulting from the occurrence of certain oxidation, reduction, and reactions. The substances that produce fireworks are hazardous materials. These must be stored, transported, handled as oxidizers, and displayed by experienced, and knowledgeable professionals. Implementation of prohibitions in the manufacture, handling and use should be strictly complied with everyone as fire safety precaution.

13. Spontaneous Ignition This occurs as a result of a chemical reaction within the material. It is a reaction independent of any outside source of heat. It begins with spontaneous heating which some of the common materials that may spontaneously heat and ignite are animal oils, mixed fish oils, coal, sawdust, hay, grain, and cotton.

14. Static electricity It involves the movement of electrons between two objects in contact with each other. Electrical charges are produced on the objects when they are separated. If the charge builds up, it will develop enough energy to jump as a spark to a nearby grounded or less highly charged object. This spark can ignite flammable vapors, flammable gases or finely dispersed combustible solid materials.

15. Smoking Careless smoking especially in bed is a leading cause of fire in the homes. In the Philippines it is the fourth leading cause of fire.

16. The fire killed 162 people in Quezon City 21 years ago and is considered the worst club fire in the Philippines and seventh in the world (https://www.rappler.com/move-ph/issues/disasters/knowledge-base/87521-1996-ozone-disco-club-fire)

17. Let’s Heat Up! Group 1: Make I list on how you can PREVENT fire at home. Group 2: Make a list on what to do in the event of fire. s Group 3: Make a list on what to do if a person is on fire.

18. Thank You!

19. 1. In the Fire Triangle, which of the following raise the material for its ignition temperature? Fuel Oxygen Chemical Heat

20. 2. If you catch a fire, you need to do the “Dock, cover and Hold right away True False

21. 3. When answering a phone call, you must turn off the stove, or you leave the room True False

22. 4. Pertains to the malicious burning of property: Fraud Plunder Arson Slander

23. 5. It is worthless that everyone knows what to do and act decisively when a fire will happen True False

24. 6. Wood, kerosene, heat of the sun: What will should be added to create a fire? Oxygen Wind Water Soil

25. 7. What does BFP stand for? Bureau of Fire Protection Bureau of Fire Program Bureau of Fire Practice Bureau of Fire Piracy

26. 8. They are uncontrolled fires in rural areas or countryside Grassfire Wildfire Urban Fire Fire

27. 9. On March 1996, the Philippines witnessed its worst urban fire disaster located at: a. Helium Disco Club b. Carbon Disco Club c. Fire Disco Club d. Ozone Disco Club

28. 10. The following are causes of fire except: Candles Arson Fireworks Calculus