five year plan and niti ayog vvvvbv.pptx

Economics

1. FIVE YEAR PLANS OF INDIA and niti ayog By VISHNU. KR MBA 1 ST YEAR

2. HISTORY The Plann ing Commi ssion was set up in 15 March 1950 By Central government The main objective of the Government to promote a rapid rise in the standard of living of the people by efficient exploitation of the resources of the country increasing production and offering opportunities to all for employment in the service of the community The Planning Commission was charged with the responsibility of making assessment of all resources of the country, augmenting deficient resources, formulating plans for the most effective and balanced utilisation of resources and determining priorities. Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Chairman of the Planning Commission .

3. Plan Target Actual First Plan (1951 – 56) 2.9% 3.6% Second Plan (1956 – 61) 4.5% 4.3% Third Plan (1961 – 66) 5.6% 2.8% Plan Holiday Fourth Plan (1969 – 1974) 5.7% 3.3% Fifth Plan (1974 – 79) 4.4% 4.8% Sixth Plan (1980 – 85) 5.2% 6.0% Seventh Plan (1985 – 90) 5.0% 6.0% Eighth Plan (1992 – 97) 5.6% 6.8% Ninth Plan (1997 – 2002) 6.5% 5.4% Tenth Plan (2002 – 2007) 8.0% 7.2% Eleventh Plan (2007 – 2012 8.1% 7.9% Twelfth Plan ( 2012 – 2017) 8.0% 7.0%

4. F IRST Five-Year Plan (1951–1956) The first Indian Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru presented the first five-year plan to the Parliament of India on December 8, 1951. This plan was based on the Harrod-Domar model . Its main focus was on the agricultural development of the country. This plan was successful and achieved growth rate of 3.6% (more than its target) Formed UGC,NDC(Governing Council),Thotappaly spillway,Dams etc……

5. Second Five-Year Plan (1956–1961) The second five-year plan focused on industry, especially heavy industry. The Second plan, particularly in the development of the industrial sector . The plan followed the Mahalanobis model , an economic development model developed by the Indian statistician Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis in 1953. Established lic(1956),First tv telecasting ,belventra mehtha Committee(Thrithala Panchayat) Helps in the development of Steel,chemical,Cement,textile industry in achieving rapid industrialization Shortfall in foreign exchange earnings,food crisis,Lack of skilled manpower and technical expertise This plan was successful and achieved a growth rate of 4.3%

6. The main target of this plan was to make the economy independent and to reach self-realiance The third plan stressed on agriculture and improvement in the production of food grains( wheat ) , but the brief Indo-china War of 1962 exposed weaknesses in the economy and shifted the focus towards the Defence industry. It was made for the duration of 1961 to 1966. This plan is called ‘ Gadgil Yojna ’ also. Due to India - china war,india – Pakistan war, this plan could not achieve its growth target  of 5.6% Third Five-Year Plan (1961–1966)

7. PLAN holiday (1966-69) I n 196 5 – 196 6 , I n di a f ou g h t a [ In d o - P ak] W ar with Pakistan. Due to this war, there was a severe drought in 1965. Th e w ar led t o in f l a t i o n a n d the priori t y w a s shifted to price stabilisation. The construction of dams continued. The government of India declared "Devaluation of Rupee" to increase the exports of the country.

8. Fourth Five-Year Plan (1969–1974) At this time Indira Gandhi was the Prime Minister.  There were two main objectives of this plan i.e. growth with stability and progressive achievement of self-reliance. This plan was based on the Gadgil Model . During this plan, the slogan of “ Garibi Hatao ” is given during the 1971 elections by Indira Gandhi. The government nationalised 14 major Indian banks and the Green Revolution in India advanced agriculture. ISRO Formation.indhira Gandhi presented budget in 1970. This plan failed and could achieve a growth rate of 3.3% only against the target of 5.6%.

9. Fifth Five-Year Plan (1974-79) The fifth plan was prepared and launched by D.D. Dhar . It proposed to achieve two main objectives: removal of poverty (Garibi Hatao) and attainment of self reliance First Regional Rural Bankwas established on 2 nd October, 1975 The plan was terminated in 1978 (instead of 1979) when Janta Party Govt. rose to power under the leadership of morarji desayi Overall this plan was successful which achieved a growth of 4.8% against the target of 4.4%.

10. Rolling Plan (1978 - 80) Janta Govt. put forward a plan for 1978- 1983 with a objective of growth for social justice The concept of the Rolling Plan was actually inspired by Gunnar Myrdal’s book “Asian Drama”. However, the government lasted for only 2 years. Congress Govt. returned to power in 1980 and launched a different plan.

11. Sixth Five-Year Plan (1980 – 85)   Its duration was from 1980 to 1985. The basic objective of this plan was poverty eradication and technological self-reliance. It was based on investment Yojna , infrastructural changing and trend to the growth model. NABARD was established by B. Sivaraman Committee on 12 July 1982 under the Sixth Five-year plan Its growth target was 5.2% but it achieved 6.0%.

12. Seventh Five-Year Plan (1985 - 90)  Its duration was from 1985 to 1990. The objectives of this plan include the establishment of a self-sufficient economy, opportunities for productive employment. (job opportunities) For the first time, the private sector got the priority over  public sector. Its growth target was 5.0% but it achieved 6.0%.

13. Eighth Five-Year Plan (1992 - 97) The eighth plan was postponed by two years because of political uncertainty at the Centre Worsening Balance of Payment position and inflation during 1990-91.  Its duration was from 1992 to 1997. In this plan, the top priority was given to the development of human resources i.e. employment, education, and public health. During this plan, Narasimha Rao Govt. launched the   New Economic Policy of India. This plan was successful and got an annual growth rate of 6.8% against the target of 5.6%.

14. Ninth Five Year Plan (1997- 2002)   Its duration was from 1997 to 2002. The main focus of this plan was “ growth with justice and equity ”. It was launched in the 50th year of independence of India. Its encourage social issues like women empowerment, conservation of certain benefits for the Special Groups of the society This plan failed to achieve the growth target of 6.5% and grow only at the rate of 5.4%.

15. Tenth Five Year Plan (2002 - 2007) Its duration was from 2002 to 2007. This plan aims to double the Per Capita Income of India in the next 10 years. Providing gainful and high-quality employment at least to the addition to the labour force The Tenth Plan was expected to follow a regional approach rather than sectoral approach to bring down regional inequalities. It aims to reduce the poverty ratio of 15% by 2012. Its growth target was 8.0% but it achieved only 7.2%.

16. Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007 - 2012) It was in the period of  Manmohan Singh  as a prime minister. It was prepared by the C. Rangarajan . Its main theme was “ faster and more inclusive growth ” Emphasis on social sector and delivery of service therein. Empowerment through education and skill development. Reduction of gender inequality. Environmental sustainability. Its growth rate target was 8.1% but it achieved only 7.9%

17. Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012 - 2017) Its duration is from 2012 to 2017. Its main theme is “ Faster, More Inclusive and  Sustainable Growth”. To create 50 million new work opportunities in the non farm sector. To remove gender and social gap in school enrolment. To enhance access to higher education. To reduce malnutrition among children aged 0–3 years. To provide electricity to all villages. Its growth rate target is 8% but achieved only 7%.

18. Introduction NITI Aayog – is formed via an executive action by the union cabinet on January 1, 2015. It is a government of India Think-Tank policy . The aim for NITI Aayog’s creation is to foster involvement and participation in the economic policymaking process by the state government of India. One of the important mandates of NITI Aayog is to bring co-operative competitive federalism and to improve centre -state relation. The Governing Council of NITI Aayog, with The Prime Minister as its Chairman, comprises Chief Ministers of all States and Lt. Governors of Union Territories. The National Institution for Transforming India

19. Why was NITI Aayog established? The government realized that the Planning Commission had completed more than 6 decades of existence and had become outdated. Since it was based on a “one size fits all” formula, it was no longer able to address the diverse economic paradigms in the country. Thus, NITI Aayog was launched as a quintessential platform of the Government of India to bring States to act together in national interest, and thereby foster Cooperative Federalism

20. Functions of NITI Aayog Features of NITI Aayog NITI Aayog’s entire gamut of activities can be divided into four main heads: 1. Design Policy & Programme Framework 2. Foster Cooperative Federalism 3. Monitoring & Evaluation 4. Think Tank and Knowledge & Innovation The different verticals of NITI Aayog provide the requisite coordination and support framework for NITI Aayog to carry out its mandate. The list of few verticals is as below: 1. Agriculture 2. Health 3. Women & Child Development 4. Governance & Research 5. HRD 6. Skill Development & Employment 7. Rural Development

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