Flashpath - Lung - Bronchogenic cysts

My study notes for all pathologists

1. flashpath Hazem ali

2. Bronchogenic Cysts Hazem ali

3. clinical Congenital anomalous budding of the primitive foregut during lung development But not connected to tracheobronchial tree Although relatively rare , represent the most common cystic lesion of the mediastinum Most commonly at middle mediastinum “at level of carina” S een in children or young adults ; more common in males Present as S pace occupying lesion : Recurrent infection Compression to surrounding “bronchi” Or asymptomatic

4. Gross Cyst : Round to oval Uni - or multi- locular R ange from 1 to 10cm S mooth wall Contain clear fluid or mucus N o communication with tracheobronchial tree

5. Microscopy Similar to Bronchial wall: Lining : Respiratory epithelium “Pseudostratified columnar ciliated” Wall : S mooth muscle Cartilage S ubmucosal glands If infected may show: S quamous metaplasia Chronic inflammation Fibrosis

6. Differential diagnosis “Other mediastinal cysts” E sophageal cyst : Lined by s quamous epithelium Wall has more developed, double- layer muscular layer No cartilage Gastro-enteric cyst : L ined by gastric or intestinal mucosa No cartilage T hymic cyst: Lined by flat, cuboidal, columnar, or squamous epithelium Wall may show chronic inflammation, cholesterol clefts, or thymic tissue remnants No cartilage or smooth muscle

7. Differential diagnosis “Other mediastinal cysts” C ystic Teratoma: Heterogeneous tissue components from ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm Pericardial cyst: Lined by single layer of mesothelial cells overlying loose connective tissue

8. Differential diagnosis If occurred near lung “ Other cystic lung diseases” Congenital: Pulmonary sequestration Congenital pulmonary cysts Congenital pulmonary airway malformation Congenital lobar emphysema Acquired: Emphysema Healed abscess Honeycombing Mixed: Cystic fibrosis

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10. Thank you Hazem ali