Flies and mosquito related medical conditions and vector control ppt

student presentation course parasitology

1. Facuilty of health science Course:parasitology Toplic:medical related conditions to A.Flies B.mosquito Presentation Group one Group names Sanaag university

2. medical conditions related to Flies Mosquito introduction Flies and mosquitoe are classes of insecta Insecta classify into four orders according to medical important and are: 1. Order Anoplura (lice). 2. Order Siphonaptera (fleas). 3. Order Hemiptera (bugs). 4. Order Diptera (mosquitoes and flies).

3. Fly Order Diptera . ) flies  are  insects  of the  order   Diptera , the name being derived from the Greek  di  = two, and  ptera  = wings. ( The medical important species: Muscidae , Calliphoridae , Sarcophagidae , Oestrodae

4. Morphology Lapping mouthparts of housefly Labellum Piercing and sucking mouthpart. Tsetse fly mouthparts

5. Life cycle

6. Morphology and habits which related to disease transmission Short legs and big abdomen, the whole body bear hairs; Lapping mouthparts. Interdigital pod is supplied with glandular hairs, it also can secrete mucus Flies excrete and regurgitate their partially digested meals over food. Flies have dirt habits of feeding indiscriminately on both excreta and foods.

7. Fly and Diseases Mechanical transmission : Cholera, Typhoid fever, Bacillary dysentery, Amebic dysentery, Helminthiasis Biological transmission: African trypanosomiasis Bloodsucking flies ： tsetse flies Myiasis : Caused by the parasitism of fly larva.

8. Order Diptera , Psychodidae Medical important: Phlebotomus chinensis Ph. c. longiductus Vector of Leishmaniasis. Sandfly

9. Morphology Tiny, dark, hairy body Head : large black eyes, short sucking mouthparts, long filiform antennae Thorax : humpback erect V shaped position of the wings at rest.

10. Life cycle Complete metamorphosis, 6-9w Egg Larva(4 instars) Pupa Adult The eggs turn dark after being laid and have sculpted surface. Pupae are naked.

11. Ecology Distribute in North areas of Yangtse River. Both sexes feed on plant juice and sugary secretions. Only the females suck blood. One generation a year. The population density peak occurs in summer. The stage of hibernation : larva.

12. Sandflies and disease Leishmaniasis The adult sandfly is the only stage in transmission Bartonellosis sandfly fever Vector of Leishmaniasis Sucking blood

13. MOSQUITO Mosquito belongs to Class Insecta , Order Diptera , Family Culicidae . There are more than 3300 species of mosquitoes belong to 38 genera .

14. Questions: How to distinguish the female mosquitoes from the male? What are the main effect of antennae in finding host? Why don’t the male mosquitoes suck blood? Head Piercing and sucking mouthparts. Slender proboscis Morphology

15. Antennae Female ： circular hairs are short and sparse Male: circular hairs are long and dense

16. Labrum - 1 Mandibles - 2 Hypopharynx - 1 Maxilla - 2 Labium - 1 The male lack of mandibles and maxillas Proboscis

17. Life cycle Complete metamorphosis Egg Larvae (4 instars) Pupa Adult Water Important vectors: limited in Anopheles , Culex and Aedes

18. Culex : Cylindrical, no float. They are laid stuck together in “egg’s rafts. Egg Anopheles Culex Aedes Life cycle Anopheles : Boat-shaped, laid single and float on the water surface. Aedes :Olive-shaped, laid single on the bottom of water

19. Adult Anopheles Culex Aedes

20. Ecology Breeding habit Five types of breeding site: Paddy fields Slowly flow water Jungle areas Dirty water Container water

21. Bloodsucking habit Both male and female mosquitoes take nectar as source of energy. Only females take blood after mating for production of eggs.

22. Resting habit After having a blood meal, the female mosquito find a place for resting. Endophilic type : rest inside house for blood digestion and maturation of the ovaries. Half Endophilic type : rest inside house for a while, then fly to outdoor. Exophilic type : feed and rest outside.

23. Gontrophic cycle : The period from feeding blood to laying eggs. Physiological age : the times of spending gontrophic cycle.

24. Activity Anopheles ： act in the evenings, at night or in the early morning. Culex ： feed at night. Aedes ： feed during the day or early evening.

25. Direct harm Mosquito and diseases Biting by mosquitoes - irritation or allergic reaction.

26. As vectors, mosquitoes can transmit lots of arbo -diseases . Arbo-disease Mosquito Epidemic area 1.malaria Anopheles sinensis Plain areas   A. anthropophagus Mountain or hilly areas in South China   A. minimus Mountain or hilly areas in South China   A. dirus Jungle areas of Hainan 2. Japanese B encephalitis Culex tritaeniorhynchus Paddy field 3. Falariasis Culex pipiens pallens C.p. quinquefasciantus As a vector of Filariasis bancrofti in North areas of Yangtse river   Anopheles sinensis A. anthropophagus As a vector of filariasis malayi 4. Dengue fever Aedes aegypti A.albopicutus Tropical areas In China: Hainan, Guangdong etc