Flooring (1).pptx

flooring

1. FLOORING

2. Flooring is the general term for a permanent covering of a floor, or for the work of installing such a floor covering.  Floor covering is a term to generically describe any finish material applied over a floor structure to provide a walking surface. Materials almost always classified as floor covering include carpet, area rugs, and resilient flooring such as linoleum or vinyl flooring. Materials commonly called flooring include wood flooring, ceramic tile, stone, terrazzo, and various seamless chemical floor coatings.

3. Flooring Materials The choice of material for floor covering is affected by factors such as cost, endurance, noise insulation, comfort and cleaning effort. Some types of flooring must not be installed below grade (lower than ground level), and laminate or hardwood should be avoided where there may be moisture or condensation.

4. Factors involved in selection of flooring material Initial Cost Appearance Cleanliness Durability Damp Resistance Sound Insulation Thermal Insulation Fire Resistance Smoothness Hardness Maintenance

5. SOFT COVERINGS(Carpet Flooring) Carpet is a floor covering woven or felted from natural or man-made fibre. Fitted carpet is attached to the floor structure, extends wall-to-wall, and cannot be moved from place to place. Carpet Flooring can block out sound in a school, computer lab, studios etc. The popularity of carpets has grown tremendously in restaurants, hotels, offices, shops as carpeted floor offers comfort, increases noise absorbency & has an aesthetic appeal.

6. WOOD FLOORING Many different species of wood are fabricated into wood flooring in two primary forms: plank and parquet.  Hardwoods are typically much more durable than softwoods.  Laminate is a floor covering that appears similar to hardwood but is made with a plywood or medium density fibreboard ("MDF") core with a plastic laminate top layer. Bamboo flooring is a floor manufactured from the bamboo plant and is a type of hardwood flooring, though technically not a wood.

7. Resilient Flooring Resilient flooring is made of material that has some elasticity. It includes many different manufactured products including linoleum, sheet vinyl, vinyl composition tile (VCT), cork (sheet or tile), rubber, and others. They are firm, hard-wearing materials that also have a certain degree of give. But there is a lot more to it. This highly durable type of flooring has existed for decades and is one of the most used flooring types even today. One of the key benefits of using resilient is the cost. It is consistently more affordable than the flooring types it mimic Resilient flooring is great for noise reduction. It is also a great material for people who are on their feet for long periods of time. The slight give of the flooring reduces shock on the legs, feet and back.

8. Hard Flooring Ceramic tile includes a wide variety of clay products fired into thin units which are set in beds of mortar or mastic with the joints between tiles grouted. Varieties include quarry tile, porcelain tile , terracotta tile, and others.

9. Mosaic Flooring Mosaic flooring is made of small pieces of broken tiles of china glaze or of cement, or of marble , arranged in different patterns This pieces are cut to desired shapes and sizes. Example of Mosaic flooring are terraces and indoor gardens

10. Examples of Mosaic Flooring

11. Glazed Tiles The Tiles which comes with the glazed coating are considered as Glazed tiles. The glaze coating is comprised of liquid colored glass and is applied and baked to the surface of the bisque under very high temperatures. The liquid glass coating is what creates the texture, design and color of a glazed tile and protects the body of the tile from staining. The colors in the glaze come from various minerals, such as zinc, mercury, copper, gold, silver, etc

12. Marble Flooring It is a superior type of flooring, used in bathrooms and kitchens of residential buildings and in hospitals, sanatoriums, temples etc. Where extra cleanliness is an essential requirement. Marble slabs may be laid in different sizes, usually in rectangular or square shapes. Basically a marble is a metamorphic rock formed by alteration of limestone or dolomite, often irregularly colored by impurities and used especially in architecture and sculpture. Marble floor tile are also used for both interior and exterior flooring applications

13. Examples of Marble Flooring

14. Brick Flooring Such a flooring is used in cheap construction, specially where good bricks are available. This flooring is specially suited to ware-houses, stores, go-downs etc. Well-burnt bricks of good colour and uniform shapes are used. Bricks are laid either or flat or on edge, arranged in herring bone fashion or set at right angles to the walls, or set any other good looking pattern.

15. Examples of Brick Flooring

16. Glass Flooring This is a special purpose flooring, used in circumstances where it is desired to transmit light from upper floor to lower areas. Glass flooring is very costly, and not commonly used. E.g. Dance floor or Home decoration.

17. RUBBER FLOORING It consists of sheets or tiles of rubber, in variety of patterns and colours with thickness varying from 3 to 10 mm. The sheets are fixed to the concrete floor with the help of appropriate adhesives. Rubber floorings are resilient and noise proof. They are costly, hence used in public buildings or offices

18. Examples of Rubber Flooring

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