flower-arrangement introduction and types.ppt

flower-arrangement types

1. FLOWER FLOWER
ARRANGEMENTARRANGEMENT
Types, Selection of material and essential Types, Selection of material and essential
equipment used in flower arrangement, equipment used in flower arrangement,
Application of principles and elements of Application of principles and elements of
art in itart in it

2. IntroductionIntroduction

Flower arrangement is an art in which an attempt Flower arrangement is an art in which an attempt
is made to arrange flowers , foliage ,plants and is made to arrange flowers , foliage ,plants and
flower vases in such a way that all of these when flower vases in such a way that all of these when
arranged produce a harmonious appearance, arranged produce a harmonious appearance,
texture and color combination.texture and color combination.

Main objective is to make the place where it is to Main objective is to make the place where it is to
be placed cheerful, lively and beautiful.be placed cheerful, lively and beautiful.

It expresses one’ love for beautyIt expresses one’ love for beauty

3. Elements Of ArtElements Of Art

Line-refers to shapes which move the eye Line-refers to shapes which move the eye
along, up and down or in different directions.along, up and down or in different directions.

Lines have a great power of expressionLines have a great power of expression

Straight lines-sense of dignityStraight lines-sense of dignity

Horizontal lines peacefulHorizontal lines peaceful

Curved lines –grace and sophisticationCurved lines –grace and sophistication

Diagonal lines-show speedDiagonal lines-show speed

Lines are provided by stems and branchesLines are provided by stems and branches

5. Elements of art (contd)LineElements of art (contd)Line

Outline of flower arrangement-basic shapes Outline of flower arrangement-basic shapes
like circle, sphere, triangle etclike circle, sphere, triangle etc

The container chosen should have the same The container chosen should have the same
line movement so that arrangement appears as line movement so that arrangement appears as
one unitone unit

Flower vase taken as trunk of tree, lines of Flower vase taken as trunk of tree, lines of
flowers radiating look natural branches of flowers radiating look natural branches of
tree.The whole arrangement should look like a tree.The whole arrangement should look like a
treetree

6. 
Form-Many shapes can be seen in plant Form-Many shapes can be seen in plant
material like round flowers, oval leaves etcmaterial like round flowers, oval leaves etc

Forms refer to outline of flower arrangementForms refer to outline of flower arrangement

Forms provide resting place in flower Forms provide resting place in flower
arrangementarrangement

Dominant forms hold eye at one place in Dominant forms hold eye at one place in
flower arrangementflower arrangement

Large rounded flowers should be arranged in Large rounded flowers should be arranged in
the centre and low level in flower arrangementthe centre and low level in flower arrangement

Long and slender flowers at highest level and Long and slender flowers at highest level and
medium ones in centremedium ones in centre

7. 
Texture –refers to feel of things-surface and structure Texture –refers to feel of things-surface and structure
of plant material. Unity in texture between plants of plant material. Unity in texture between plants
themselves and flowers and containers. themselves and flowers and containers.

Flowers with fine texture should be arranged in Flowers with fine texture should be arranged in
delicate containers and rough texture in metal or clay delicate containers and rough texture in metal or clay
vases.vases.

Texture influences color. Rough texture makes color Texture influences color. Rough texture makes color
look darker.look darker.

Texture associated with certain expressions-rough Texture associated with certain expressions-rough
texture associated with masculinity, informality and texture associated with masculinity, informality and
smooth texture with femininity and elegance.smooth texture with femininity and elegance.

8. 
Colour-Color produces many Colour-Color produces many
types of effectstypes of effects

Color can appear warm or cool-A Color can appear warm or cool-A
warm colored flower arrangement warm colored flower arrangement
having red – orange flowers will having red – orange flowers will
look wonderful on a cold day and look wonderful on a cold day and
blue violet on a hot dayblue violet on a hot day

Some colors are more visible in Some colors are more visible in
dim light than others like dim light than others like
white ,yellow yellow green are white ,yellow yellow green are
suitable for dark corners.suitable for dark corners.

Advancing colors like red suitable Advancing colors like red suitable
for large rooms and receding for large rooms and receding
colors like blue, violet for smaller colors like blue, violet for smaller
rooms.rooms.

If three colors are used one If three colors are used one
should be dominant and followed should be dominant and followed
by second and then third.by second and then third.

Light colored flowers in upper Light colored flowers in upper
part and dark colored towards part and dark colored towards
bottom and centre.bottom and centre.

9. 
Space-Each flower-arrangement Space-Each flower-arrangement
can be visible if there is sufficient can be visible if there is sufficient
space around it.space around it.

Space at the place of Space at the place of
arrangement-tall narrow corner arrangement-tall narrow corner
requires a tall arrangement.requires a tall arrangement.

Space within design-less space in Space within design-less space in
mass arrangement and more space mass arrangement and more space
between flowers in line between flowers in line
arrangement.arrangement.

Space below flower arrangement-Space below flower arrangement-
with help of raised container or with help of raised container or
pedestal or stand.pedestal or stand.

10. Principles Of Art and Flower Principles Of Art and Flower
Arrangement:Arrangement:
Rhythm – Growing things have their own rhythmic Rhythm – Growing things have their own rhythmic
growth movements. All types of rhythms are based growth movements. All types of rhythms are based
on movements and repetitions. Rhythm and flower on movements and repetitions. Rhythm and flower
arrangement is obtained when our eyes travel easily arrangement is obtained when our eyes travel easily
around the whole arrangement.around the whole arrangement.
Types of Rhythm:Types of Rhythm:

Radiating RhythmRadiating Rhythm

Curvilinear RhythmCurvilinear Rhythm

Diagonal RhythmDiagonal Rhythm

11. Proportion – Good proportion refers to suitable amount and size Proportion – Good proportion refers to suitable amount and size
of things in relation to each other and surroundings.of things in relation to each other and surroundings.
1.1.Each piece of plant material should be related to others in Each piece of plant material should be related to others in
relation to size, e.g. Dalia cannot be used with sweat pea or relation to size, e.g. Dalia cannot be used with sweat pea or
rose.rose.
2.2.Plant material should be in relation to the size of container. Plant material should be in relation to the size of container.
E.g. Sunflower or dalia does not look appropriate in wine E.g. Sunflower or dalia does not look appropriate in wine
glass.glass.
3.3.The plant material should be one and half times the height or The plant material should be one and half times the height or
the width of the container.the width of the container.
4.4.Accessory should be used in proportion to the flower Accessory should be used in proportion to the flower
arrangement.arrangement.
5.5.The whole arrangement should be in proportion to the place The whole arrangement should be in proportion to the place
where it is kept.where it is kept.

13. Balance – To achieve good balance in flower arrangement the Balance – To achieve good balance in flower arrangement the
eye should be attracted to both sides of the design. Not eye should be attracted to both sides of the design. Not
necessarily the plant material but maybe flowers on one side necessarily the plant material but maybe flowers on one side
and long branch on the other. To get balance arrangement, and long branch on the other. To get balance arrangement,
heaviest mass of flower material, largest flowers and longer heaviest mass of flower material, largest flowers and longer
stems to be placed in the center of the container.stems to be placed in the center of the container.
Two types of Balance – Two types of Balance –
1.1.Formal Balance : When its shape is exactly the same on Formal Balance : When its shape is exactly the same on
either side of the center.either side of the center.
2.2.Informal Balance : When plant material placed on either Informal Balance : When plant material placed on either
side is not exactly in the same position but attention is side is not exactly in the same position but attention is
equally attracted on both sides of the design.equally attracted on both sides of the design.

15. Emphasis – For emphasis, attention is drawn to Emphasis – For emphasis, attention is drawn to
the center of interest, whether flowers are the center of interest, whether flowers are
larger, more numerous, contrast or brilliant in larger, more numerous, contrast or brilliant in
colour.colour.
Harmony – Means unityHarmony – Means unity

Signifies that flowers and flower vase should Signifies that flowers and flower vase should
have unity with respect to shape, colour and have unity with respect to shape, colour and
texture of the whole unit. E.g. Roses look nice texture of the whole unit. E.g. Roses look nice
in glass flower vase.in glass flower vase.

16. Types of Flower ArrangementTypes of Flower Arrangement

Line arrangement – Originated in Line arrangement – Originated in
east, particularly in Japan. Require east, particularly in Japan. Require
very little plant material. The very little plant material. The
arrangement consists of three sprays arrangement consists of three sprays
of different lengths that go in the of different lengths that go in the
same or somewhat similar direction. same or somewhat similar direction.
E.g Ikebana. More stress is given to E.g Ikebana. More stress is given to
line emphasis, asymmetrical balance line emphasis, asymmetrical balance
etc.etc.

17. Mass arrangementMass arrangement
Basically traditional,Basically traditional,
large amount of plant large amount of plant
material is used, material is used,
grouping of colours and grouping of colours and
flowers is emphasized. flowers is emphasized.
This type of This type of
arrangement is used for arrangement is used for
large formal parties.large formal parties.

18. Line and Mass ArrangementLine and Mass Arrangement
This type of arrangement This type of arrangement
is of American origin. It is of American origin. It
combines the best combines the best
features of line and features of line and
mass arrangement. mass arrangement.
Different kinds of Different kinds of
popular shapes are popular shapes are
triangle, pyramid, s-triangle, pyramid, s-
curve, etc.curve, etc.

19. Miniature arrangementMiniature arrangement

Small arrangements are Small arrangements are
made with small flowers made with small flowers
are made with small are made with small
flowers in tiny flowers in tiny
containers such as ash containers such as ash
trays, dainty bottles etc trays, dainty bottles etc
Arrangement should not Arrangement should not
be more than five inchesbe more than five inches

20. Pedestral Flower arrangementPedestral Flower arrangement

The arrangement is The arrangement is
done in a container on a done in a container on a
stand.stand.

The height of The height of
arrangement can be arrangement can be
3feet or more.3feet or more.

Arrangements are used Arrangements are used
for partiesfor parties

21. Foliage ArrangementFoliage Arrangement

Consists of different Consists of different
foliage of of various foliage of of various
sizes and shapes.sizes and shapes.

Arrangements are more Arrangements are more
long lasting than long lasting than
flowersflowers

Emphasis can be created Emphasis can be created
by choosing various by choosing various
colours and sizes of colours and sizes of
leavesleaves

22. Dry Flower ArrangementDry Flower Arrangement

Natural material is dried Natural material is dried
before use.before use.

These arrangements are These arrangements are
long lastinglong lasting

Various kinds of Various kinds of
material are used eg material are used eg
wheat ,cotton and maize wheat ,cotton and maize
pods dried twigspods dried twigs

23. Floating ArrangementFloating Arrangement

In floating arrangement In floating arrangement
stems of flowers and stems of flowers and
stems cut.stems cut.

Light weight and small Light weight and small
flowers usedflowers used

Flat or shallow Flat or shallow
containers usedcontainers used

Floating diyas can be Floating diyas can be
addedadded

24. Points to be kept in mind while Points to be kept in mind while
making a flower arrangementmaking a flower arrangement

Placement-Flowers last longer when kept in Placement-Flowers last longer when kept in
cool and shady placecool and shady place

Large arrangements in large rooms and small Large arrangements in large rooms and small
arrangements in small roomsarrangements in small rooms

Flower arrangement should not hide beauty Flower arrangement should not hide beauty
furnishings of roomfurnishings of room

Flower arrangement should not be placed in Flower arrangement should not be placed in
front of the window with light behind.front of the window with light behind.

25. 
Size-After deciding position Size-After deciding position
judge the amount of space judge the amount of space
available to keep available to keep
arrangementarrangement

If large wall then If large wall then
arrangement on pedestalarrangement on pedestal

Flower arrangement should Flower arrangement should
be small in dining roombe small in dining room

Container and plant material Container and plant material
according to size of according to size of
arrangementarrangement

26. 
Shape-A low coffee table will require a low Shape-A low coffee table will require a low
arrangementarrangement

Shape of table also suggest shape of flower Shape of table also suggest shape of flower
arrangementarrangement

A round table will look best with arrangement of A round table will look best with arrangement of
similar typesimilar type
Colour-Colour scheme of room is important in Colour-Colour scheme of room is important in
deciding colour of flower of arrangementdeciding colour of flower of arrangement
Many colours in room then monochromatic colour Many colours in room then monochromatic colour
scheme for flower arrangementscheme for flower arrangement
Dull room need more variety in the colour of flowersDull room need more variety in the colour of flowers
Hot weather cool colours andin cold climate red and Hot weather cool colours andin cold climate red and
orange colours look cheerfull and warmorange colours look cheerfull and warm

27. 
Style-Traditional arrangement in traditional Style-Traditional arrangement in traditional
drawing roomdrawing room

Harmony can be achieved when arrangement Harmony can be achieved when arrangement
goes well with other furnishings in roomgoes well with other furnishings in room

Lighting-Good lighting improves appearance Lighting-Good lighting improves appearance
of any flower arrangementof any flower arrangement

Fluorescent lights harmful for flowers tungsten Fluorescent lights harmful for flowers tungsten
electric lighting is betterelectric lighting is better

Candle light for evening mealsCandle light for evening meals

Yellow, orange and white preferred in dim Yellow, orange and white preferred in dim
lightlight

28. 
Special Occasions-For buffet setting-Buffets in Special Occasions-For buffet setting-Buffets in
large rooms so large arrangementlarge rooms so large arrangement

Offices-Flower arrangement should not Offices-Flower arrangement should not
interfere with work it should have a cheering interfere with work it should have a cheering
influence on workers-neat and simpleinfluence on workers-neat and simple

Hall –Large arrangements on pedestal are Hall –Large arrangements on pedestal are
effectiveeffective

29. Necessary Equipment for flower Necessary Equipment for flower
arrangementarrangement

1- Cutting tools-secateurs-1- Cutting tools-secateurs-
special type of scissors used special type of scissors used
for cutting woody stemsfor cutting woody stems

Light weight scissorsLight weight scissors

KnifeKnife

2-Equipment for handling 2-Equipment for handling
materialmaterial

BucketsBuckets

JugsJugs

Watering canWatering can

3-3-ContainersContainers

30. 
4-Supports for flowers-4-Supports for flowers-

Pin holdersPin holders

Mesh wiresMesh wires

SandSand

OasisOasis

Stub wiresStub wires

5-Accessories5-Accessories

31. Care and Selection of flowers for Care and Selection of flowers for
flower arrangementflower arrangement

Pluck flowers either in morning or late eveningPluck flowers either in morning or late evening

It is better to select buds or half bloom flowersIt is better to select buds or half bloom flowers

Dip plant material in water immediatelyDip plant material in water immediately

Never expose plant material to direct sunlightNever expose plant material to direct sunlight

Change water on daily basisChange water on daily basis

Make slanting cutsMake slanting cuts

Stems should be trimmedStems should be trimmed

Tallest stem should be 1 ½ times height or width of containerTallest stem should be 1 ½ times height or width of container

For tall containers 3 ½ times in length of containerFor tall containers 3 ½ times in length of container

Flowers stay longer if aspirin is addedFlowers stay longer if aspirin is added

Largest flowers, bright colours and tallest stems should be Largest flowers, bright colours and tallest stems should be
used in centre or at baseused in centre or at base