Fluid and electrolyte

1. Paediatrics seminar

2. COMPOSITION OF BODY FLUIDS
&
FLUID LOSS

3. TOTAL BODY FLUID IS DIVIDED INTO 2
COMPARTEMENTS:-
1.Intracellular(ICF)
2.Extracellular(ECF)
Total Body Water

4. INTRACELLULAR COMPARTMENT

Consists of 40% of body weight

5. EXTRACELLULAR COMPARTMENT
Interstitial fluid- 80% of ECF
Plasma- 20% of ECF
Transcellular fluid
Gastrointestinal
CSF
Peritonial & ocular

Consists of 20% of body water

6. ICF & ECF
ICF (30-40%)
Interstitiial
(15%)
Plasma(5%)

8. An equilibrium is always
maintained between
ICF ECF
&

9. Sodium ion
Pottasium ion

10. 104
24
14
6
2
Plasma anions
Cl-
HCO3-
Proteins
Others
Phosphate
s
310
40
107
Intracellular Anions
Cl-
HCO3-
Proteins
Phophates
Chloride ion

11. FLUID LOSS
Plasma water loss
dehydration,anaemia
polycythemia,heart failure
hypoalbuminemia,
abnormal plasma osmolality

12. Fluid loss in neonates
Insensible water loss ----15 –30ml/kg
Renal water loss -----------60—90ml/kg
Stool water loss-------------10 ml/kg
Growth --------------10—15 ml/kg
Water of oxidation-----------15---18ml/kg

13. Insensible fluid loss in neonates
Increase in surface area per unit body mass
Decrease in subcutaneous fat tissue
Thin epidermis
Increased permeability of epidermis
causes -----