Fluorine Sources & toxicity

FLUORINE
SOURCES & TOXICITY

1. FLUORINE SOURCES & TOXICITY

2. INTRODUTION: It is a micro mineral It occurs in the form of fluoride in nature . It is present in small but widely varying concentration in practically all soils ,water supplies , plants and animals and is a constituents of all diets. It is essential element and present in Bones Teeth Thyroid gland skin

3. Sources of Fluorine: The chief sources is usually drinking water Which if it contain 1 part per million ( ppm )fluoride , supplies 1-2 mg/day

4. Fluoride in food stuff: Fluoride in food stuff is of little importance. Sea fish contains large amounts of the order of 5 – 10ppm .Another significant sources is tea Ranges from 110 μ g/g to 140 μ g/g of dry tea powder as per NIN.

5. House hold sources: Household exposure to fluoride can occur with the use of fluoridated toothpaste , mouth wash & teflon coated pans Use of fluoride based insecticide spray on horticulture may also contributed to the digestion of of large amounts of fluoride .

6. TOXICITY: Fluorine toxicity has been reported from certain INDIA,CHINA,AFRICA and TANZANIA In INDIA ,an estimated 62 million people , Including 6 million children in 17 states are affected with endemic fluorosis .

7. Skeletal fluorosis The over all prevalence of skeletal fluorosis in population of all age groups was found to be less than 1%

8. BORE WELLS: In TAMILNADU , 5 western districts – Vellore , Dharmapuri , Krishnagiri , Salem & Erode. The survey revealed that the major sources of drinking water was bore wells, which had fluoride levels ranging from 0.5- 6.6

9. Enamel fluorosis : Dental motting was in the range of 17-36% It is relatively higher among children of 10-14 year (30-67%)in all districts surveyed

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