Food poisoning and salmonellosis

Food poisoning and salmonellosis I.S.M CENTRAL CAMPUS

1. What is Salmonella Food Poisoning? Preventing food poisoning before food production .

2. INTRODUCTION Food poisoning is an acute gastroenteritis caused by ingestion of contaminated food or drink. It can be of two types: NON BACTERIAL BACTERIAL Salmonellosis is disease caused by salmonella bacteria causing git dysfxn , in more sever cases can spread to blood, bones, or to csf .

3. Geographic Distribution Worldwide Related to animal husbandry Wild reservoirs Serovar distribution varies Some geographically limited Ex: Subtyping of Salmonella Paratyphi A isolates from India, Pakistan, Indonesia and Malaysia ETIOLOGY Food poisoning – causative agent : 1. Salmonella typhimurium , 2. S. cholerasuis , 3. S. enteritidis . Incubation period is about 12-24 hours. Salmonellosis – causative agent : 1. S bongori, 2. Senterica , and other six subtypes.

4. MODE OF TRANSMISSION Food poisoning –contaminated meat,milk,sausages,eggs,rat and mice. Salmonellosis : is primarily animal disease . fecal-oral ; direct and indirect. Commonly contaminated items are meat, eggs, water.. Infection with Salmonella bacteria usually affects the gastrointestinal system (the stomach and intestines) in humans. In more severe cases, Salmonella can spread to the blood, the bones, or even to the fluid around the brain, but these types of infections are less common.

5. PATHOGENESIS Food poisoning – causative agent after ingestion multiply in intenstine and give rise to acute enteritis and colitis . Staph aureus- gram positive anaerobic coccal bacteria that appears in cluster . In food bacteria have grown ( intra-dietetic toxins) , these toxins directly act on intestine and cns.

6. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Sudden onset of vomiting, fever, headache, severe dehydration, myalgia, diarrhea and abdominal cramps. In severe cases blood and mucus may appear. Unlike salmonella food poisoning staphylococci food poisoning rarely causes fever. Illness usually lasts 4-7 days, most people recover without treatment. Nausea Vomiting Weakness Fever Muscle and Joint Pain Diarrhea Abdominal Pain , Bloating

7. DIAGNOSIS Based on isolation of salmonella organism. Stool culture, blood culture, urine culture, serotyping and antimicrobial susceptible testing. Polymerase chain reaction. Treatment – Uncomplicated infection with supportive treatment and no antimicrobial therapy. Antimicrobial therapy only for severely ill patients. Fluoroquinolones – azithromycin and . rifaximin. If resistance present- chloramphenicol, ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Preventive steps should be taken and person should be vaccinated if in endemic region or travelling to it.

8. THANK YOU