FOOD PRODUCTION IN PUNJAB

FOOD GRAIN PRODUCTION IN PUNJAB

1. PRODUCTION OF FOODGRAINS IN PUNJAB
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
GOVERNMENT OF PUNJAB
(2012-13)

2. ABOUT PUNJAB:
Area (geographical) : 5.04 m ha
Districts: 22
Net sown area: 4.2 m ha
Irrigated area: 4.07 m ha(98%)
by Canals : 1.11 m ha (27%)
by Tubewells : 2.96 m ha (73%)
Total cropped area: 7.9 m ha
Cropping intensity: 204%
Cropping Systems :
Rice-Wheat;
Cotton-Wheat; and
Maize-Wheat

3. 39.27
48.53
56.7357.26
62.82 63 64.5865.2365.3565.92
73.05
119.21
192.23
198.83
253.24253.13
273.28
279.28
283.52280.71
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1970-711980-811990-911995-962000-012006-072008-092010-112011-122012-13
AREA"OOO" HA. PRODUCTION "OOO" MT
FOUR DECADES OF FOODGRAIN PRODUCTION

4. Crop Area
(000 ha)
Productivity
(kg/ha)
Production
(000 MT)
Procurement
(000 MT)
Wheat 3512 4724 16106.1 11116
Barley 14 3560 50
Rice 2845 3998 11374 13375 (paddy)
8828 (Rice)Maize 129 3680 475
Bajra 3 895 3
Pulses 105 - 86
Total Foodgrians : 28071 MT Total Procurement : 19944 MT
PRODUCTION OF FOOD GRAINS : 2012 -13
In 2012-13:
Highest Productivity of Wheat and paddy in the Country
Highest Productivity of Total Foodgrains in the Country
Largest Contribution of Foodgrains to Central Pool: Wheat -29%
Rice –26%

5. STRATEGY AND MEASURES TAKEN
Bridging the regional gaps in productivity through:
Replacement of PBW-343 variety of wheat: more area under DBW-17, PBW-550,
PBW-621 and HD-2967
Improvement in SRR (43%) and 100% Treatment of certified and TL Seed
Campaign for control of termite : Chlorpyriphoson 50% subsidy
Timely sowing
Propagation of Resource Conservation Technologies for NRM (7.2 lacha)
Pre-positioning of fungicide to control yellow rust
Area Expansion under Summer Moong
Better coordination with DAC, PAU and other institutions.
Efficient Management:
Capacity building of field functionaries and farmers
Ensuring timely and adequate availability of inputs.
Promotion of INM and IPM
Farmer to Farmer technology dissemination

6. New Initiatives :
Conservation of Natural Resources:
Improvement in Crop Productivity:
On the basis of encouraging results, these are being continuously up-scaled

7. Larger plot size and better water use efficiency
Better crop stand and lesser weeds
Better nutrient use efficiency
Uniform water application
PROMOTION OF LASER LAND LEVELING FOR CONSERVATION OF
IRRIGATION WATER
Major Initiatives …..
8 150 550 1000
1980
2754
3509
4113
4924
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
200520062007200820092010201120122013
Numbers
Year
Number of Laser Land Levlers
Theareaunderprecision
landlevelingisincreasing
andduring2012-13about
12.61lachectareshave
beencovered.

8. Efficient Irrigation Water Management
Enactment of “Punjab Preservation of Sub-soil Water Act, 2009
To ensure timely transplanting of paddy
Promotion of conjunctive use of water
Community Underground Pipelines Systems
Promotion of Sprinkler and Drip irrigation
Year
Area covered (ha)
UGPL
Micro
Irrigation
2007-08 2696 4187
2008-09 5950 7396
2009-10 8461 11924
2010-11 23257 16849
2011-12 45042 21758
2012-13 49298 24548
Major Initiatives …..

9. Green manuring
In-situCrop Residue Management through zero/minimum tillage
Strengthening of Soil Testing Laboratories-18
Issue of Soil Health Cards -304515
Promotion of Green Manuring and Summer Moong (83590 ha)
MANAGEMENT OF SOIL FERTILITY
Major Initiatives …..
50 250 1000 1950
5000
8700
10213
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
2006-072007-082008-092009-102010-112011-122012-13
Area (ha)
Use of Happy Seeder
to plant in crop
residues

10. EXPANSION OF AREA
UNDER SUMMER MOONG
Additional Crop
Additional Income
Improves Soil Fertility
23240
40830
77090
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
5000
23000
40990
77090
83590
Area under
Summer-Moong (ha)
Major Initiatives …..

11. Tehsil wise area (ha)
Area under Minimum Tillage -
2012-13: 6.85 lac ha.
PROMOTION OF RESOURCE
CONSERVATION TECHNOLOGIES
Major Initiatives …..
Minimum tillage
Leaf colour chart
Tensiometer
Happy Seeder
Laser Land Leveler

12. Crop
Seed Replacement Rate*
2010-112011-122012-13
Paddy 40 52 43
Maize 95 96 96
Kh. Pulses 45 44 94
Wheat 37 39 43
Gram 41 77 68
Barley 58 62 70
IMPROVED SEED REPLACEMENT AND ITS TREATMENT
Emphasis on Seed replacement once in three years
Campaign for Seed Treatment during the sowing season.
50% wheat seed treated –Emphasis on farm saved seed treatment
15360 Seed Dressing Drums distributed –at least one for each Panchayat
Fungicide for 2.0 Lac quintals of seed was provided.
SEED TREATMENT
Major Initiatives …..

13. SeedingTechnology
Zero-tillage
RaisedBedPlanting
Pairedrows
Bi-directionalsowing
Relaycroppingincotton
IntercroppinginSugarcane
ResidueManagement
RetentionofResidues:useofHappySeeder
IncorporationofResidues:useofRotavator
CollectionofResidues:useofBalerandzero-till-drill
SprayingTechnology
UseofPropernozzlesforherbicidesandpesticides
UseofCeramicnozzles
DEMONSTRATION OF CROP PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
Demonstrations organized
9056 of one acre each under ATMA
230 clusters of 100 ha each under NFSM
Major Initiatives …..

14. RELAY PLANTING OF
WHEAT IN COTTON
Thewheatyieldisreduceddue
todelayinplantingafter
cotton.
PlantingofwheatinStanding
cottoncanadvancethesowing
by20-40days.
20trailswereorganizedin
2012-13whereintheaverage
yieldadvantagewasobserved
as2-3quintals/acre.
Thefarmersarereluctantdue
toproblem ofsowingin
standingcottonsticksbutare
impressed by the yield
advantage.
50demonstrationshavebeen
plannedduringthecurrent
wheatseason.
Major Initiatives …..

15. Yellowrustreducedtheproductivityofwheatduring2008-09
Bettermonitoringledtoearlydetectionofincidence
TimelysupplyoffungicidetoControlofyellowrustat50%cost
Surveillancealsohelpedincheckingthemicro-nutrient
deficiencies.ZincSulphateandManganeseSulphatedistributedon
50%subsidy
Effectivecontrolcontributedtobetterproductivity.
(4724kg/ha.:2
nd
highestinlastfiveyears)
SURVEILLANCE AND MONITORING FOR YELLOW RUST
Major Initiatives …..

16. Each AMSC equipped with:
i)Laser Land Leveler;
ii)Happy Seeder;
iii)Rotavator;
iv)Raised Bed Planter;
v)Zero-till-drill; and
vi)Other implements
AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY SERVICE CENTRES : Started in 2008-09
Propagation of New Technologies
Reduced investment due to availability on custom hiring basis
Generation of employment in rural areas
FARM MECHANIZATION
1363 AMSC SET-UP TO-DATE
-1121 PACS
-242 Private
Major Initiatives …..

17. Agriculture Resource Centre at AbulKhurana
Fish Pond Milk Processing Unit
Farm Machinery
Centre
Soil Testing Lab
Class Room
Hands on Training in:
Dairy and milk processing
Operation and maintenance
of agricultural machinery
Fish production
Bee-keeping
Crop production technology
PPP IN
AGRICULTURAL
EXTENSION
Soil and Water Testing Lab M/s. IMT Technologies, Pune
Agriculture Machinery Service Centre M/s. Zimindara Farm Solutions, Fazilka
Diagnostic Lab for Fisheries, Department of Fisheries
Training Centre –Agriculture and allied departments
Another ARC is being set-up at Sohalin Gurdaspur
Major Initiatives …..

18. NFSM
Opening
Balance as on
01-04-2012
Receipt
during
2012-13
Total Expenditure
Balance
as on
01-04-2013
%
achievement
Wheat 513.74 2999.253512.99 3074.22 438.77 87.51
Pulses 220.75 794.501015.25 961.08 54.17 94.66
Publicity 8.27 0.0 8.27 3.11 5.16 37.61
Total 742.76 3793.754536.51 4038.41 498.10 89.02
UTILIZATION OF FUNDS UNDER NFSM
2012-13
RKVY sub-schemes i.e. BGREI and INSIMP are not operative in Punjab
(Lac Rs.)

19. INTER DEPARTMENTAL COORDINATION
ExcellentcoordinationwithLine-departments:
DepartmentofIrrigation,poweraswellasBBMB.PurchasedpowerworthRs.5700
croretomeettheagriculturaldemand.ACommitteehasbeenconstitutedunder
PrincipalSecretary,Agricultureforeffectivecoordination,monitoringtheavailability
andutilizationofcanalwaterandpowerforAgriculturepurposes.
DepartmentofFertilizers,GoIandStatehandlingagencies(Markfed,PAIC)forpre-
positioninganddistributionoffertilizers.
Supplyofqualitychemicals:AStatelevelCommitteeunderPrincipalSecretary
AgricultureandwithRegistrarCooperativeSocietiesasConvenerhasbeenset-upto
arrangequalitychemicals.
StateLevelBanker’sCommitteeandfinancialinstitutions.Scalesoffinancefor
differentcropsrevisedregularly.
No inter-departmental issues

20. Status of NFSM-MIS
Progress of financial Status up-dated
APY of wheat and pulses of NFSM and Non-NFSM districts is up-loaded
Target/Achievement report up-loaded
District-wise financial outlay viz-a-vizachievement being loaded
List of supplier/beneficiary is being up-dated

21. CHALLENGE THRUST
Wateruseefficiency
Balanceduseofnutrientsandtheiruse
efficiency
Cropdiversificationwithfocusonvarietal
improvementtosustainfoodgrain
production.
Postharvestmanagementandvalue
addition
Managementincludingutilization
Mechanization
Stabilityofperformance
Depletingundergroundwater
Deterioratingsoilhealth
Predominance of rice-wheat system
Dependence on primary agriculture
Strawburning
Labourshortage
Climatechange
Vision: Diversified Sustainable Agriculture
FUTURE STRATEGY AND ROAD MAP FOR FOOD GRAIN
PRODUCTION

22. FUTURE STRATEGY AND
ROAD MAP FOR
FOOD GRAIN PRODUCTION
FormulationofStateAgriculturePolicy
FormulationofPolicyforCropResidue
Management
FormulationofStateAgro-Industrial
Policy,2013toencourageinvestment
foragro-processing
EnactmentofContractFarmingAct,2013
ConstitutionofCommoditySpecific
Boardsviz.StateBasmatiDevelopment
Board,StateMaizeDevelopmentBoard,
StatePulsesDevelopmentBoardetc.
EstablishmentofCentreofExcellencein
MaizeinpartnershipwithMonsanto
EstablishmentofCentreofExcellencein
WateruseManagementwithJain
Irrigation
FacilitationofEstablishmentof
DirectorateofMaizeDevelopmentat
Ludhiana

23. Researchtrialsof1700newvarieties
ofwheatincludinghybridwheatare
beingheldinpartnershipwithBISA
Replacementofexistingvarieties
withnewHYVviz.PAU-121and122
forrice,PUSAPunjabBasmati-1509,
HD-3086,HAU-1105
StrengtheningofResearch-MoU
withBARCforMutationBreeding
EmphasisonRegionspecific
cultivationofcrops
OrganizationofAgriculturalSummit
on20-24February,2014toattract
investmentinAgriculturefor
mechanizationandtechnologyup-
gradation
FUTURE STRATEGY AND
ROAD MAP FOR
FOOD GRAIN PRODUCTION

24. Yield gaps analysis in wheat in various States (q/ha)
Award should for management which minimizes yield gaps not on
the basis of % increses.
Some Soul Searching
Paticulars Punjab HaryanaUttarPradesh Madhya
Pradesh
Gujarat
Agro-Climatic Region Semi-Arid Arid Semi-Arid
And Sub-humid
Semi-
Arid
Aridand
Semi Arid
Average yield (quintal/ha)47.24 45.30 31.10 24.78 26.40
Total Yield Gap (%) 9.86 16.08 47.4 58.8 49.9
Withsmallestyieldgapandhighestareaunderirrigation–Howto
increasetheproductivity?
Withnoscopetoexpendarea(4.2outof5.03mhaalreadyunderplough)
–Howtoimprovetheproduction?
%agebasedrankingcausesfurtherdamage(for10%plusimprovement
inproductivitywehavetoimproveyieldby5quintal/hawhereasothers
havetoimproveitby2.5-3qunital/ha)