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1. CRITICAL READING AS LOOKING FOR WAYS OF THINKING 4 th QUARTER LESSON 1

2. INTRODUCTION

3. Preliminary activity

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5. DISCUSSION

6. What is READING? Among the five macro-skills in language learning, one of the most crucial and probably one of the most vital in obtaining knowledge is reading . Reading is just the beginning of all great things. To read is to feel, and to feel is to be human. Reading is not merely interpreting the text . It is more than the information processed; it open one’s eyes to the events of the society.

7. READING TECHNIQUES SKIMMING – refers to a technique which involves a glance of the text headings. Using this technique, the reader quickly reads the main points of the text by ignoring details. It allows the reader to understand the gist of a text in a short span of time.

8. READING TECHNIQUES 2. SCANNING - like skimming, also involves a quick scan of the text. But while the goal of skimming is to get a general understanding of the text, the goal of scanning is to locate only the essential facts. - A technique to grasp the main idea of the passage

9. SKIM AND SCAN SKIM Why do you think the author of the text about the grasshopper asked the woman about the grasshopper? SCAN 2. Was the grasshopper in the text real or fake?

10. The Grasshopper I was in the airport in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. I walked into the little duty-free shop. The woman who worked there decided to follow me around, maybe to keep an eye on me. And my eye fell upon two boxes of perfume on a glass shelf, and in between them was a large green-and-gold grasshopper holding itself perfectly still. I said to the woman, “A grasshopper?” And she said, “Yes, a grasshopper.” And I said, “Oh? Is he alive?” And she said, “Yes, alive.” And then she turned and walked away as if I were crazy to think that there would ever be a dead grasshopper between their perfume bottles on a glass shelf.

11. READING TECHNIQUES 3. ACTIVE READING – involves active participation of the reader in engaging with the passages and ideas in at text . Active reading allows for a conversation with the text, to evaluate a text.

12. READING TECHNIQUES 4. DETAILED READING – Detailed reading involves a word-for-word analysis of the text

13. CRITICAL READING To read critically is to evaluate the text, whether the text is worth reading or you wanted to prove or disapprove the point of the author

14. EVALUATING A TEXT AUTHOR’S PURPOSE An author writes with one of four general purposes in mind : 1. Narrate 2. Describe 3. Persuade 4. Inform (see discussion in Patterns of Paragraph Development)

15. EVALUATING A TEXT 2. AUTHOR’S BACKROUND - By knowing more about the author’s background and history, the reader will be able to identify the author’s intention in producing a text. Consider the following: Era/timeline of the author Historical event

16. EVALUATING A TEXT 3. VALIDITY OF THE MATERIAL Consider the following questions for your validation: How strong is the evidence? Are all the points made by the author supported by evidence? Does the writer avoid making unsupported generalizations?

17. EVALUATING A TEXT 3. VALIDITY OF THE MATERIAL The following questions relate to the evidence the writer uses. Is there a clear distinction between fact and the author’s opinion? Are citations used? If so, are the cited sources trustworthy and recent?

18. EVALUATING A TEXT 3. VALIDITY OF THE MATERIAL If there are any images or diagrams, are they clear? Do they relate directly to points in the text and support the author’s argument? If it is a research article, is the methodology valid (e.g. sample size, method of sampling)? Are the limitations clear? Are the results consistent with the objectives?

19. EVALUATING A TEXT PROPAGANDA a way to deliver a message that appeals to the emotions instead of presenting solid evidence to support a point . As a critical reader we must evaluate the text if it is fact or fake

20. EVALUATING A TEXT PROPAGANDA (techniques to recognize) NAMECALLING   or  STEREOTYPING:   Giving a person or an idea a bad label by using an easy to remember pejorative name.  “Nazi”, “ AbNoy ”, “ Dutertards ”, “ Lugaw ”

21. EVALUATING A TEXT PROPAGANDA (techniques to recognize) VIRTUE WORDS  or  GLITTERING GENERALITY:  These words are used to dupe us into accepting and approving of things without examining the evidence carefully.  Examples: "Natural", "Organic", "Scientific", "Ecological", "Sustainable".

22. EVALUATING A TEXT PROPAGANDA (techniques to recognize) TESTIMONIAL:   When some respected celebrity (or alternatively someone generally hated) claims that an idea or product is good (or bad).  This technique is used to convince us without examining the facts more carefully.

23. EVALUATING A TEXT PROPAGANDA (techniques to recognize)   PLAIN FOLKS:   This is a way that a speaker convinces an audience that an idea is good because they are the same ideas of the vast majority of people like yourself.  Examples: "This is the will of the People", "Most Filipinos...". 

24. EVALUATING A TEXT PROPAGANDA (techniques to recognize)   BAND WAGON:   is when the speaker tries to convince us to accept their point of view or else we will miss out on something really good.  The Band-Wagon technique is often used in advertising.  Examples: "This is the wave of the future", "Be the first on your block", "Act Now!".  

25. EVALUATING A TEXT 5. AUTHOR’S USE OF LOGIC AND LANGUAGE Authors make deliberate word choices, use meaningful language, and use examples and stories that evoke emotion. Authors can desire a range of emotional responses, including sympathy, anger, frustration, or even amusement. Logos, or the appeal to logic, means to appeal to the audiences' sense of reason or logic.

26. Let’s practice

27. INSTRUCTION A copy of a text will be given to you. Analyze the text by applying the critical reading techniques. Then answer the following questions: 1. What is the purpose of the author? 2. What is the text all bout? 3. What does text would like to tell us? 4. Check the author’s background to validate the text. 5. Did the author use a propaganda to his text? 6. is the text factual or not? Support your answer.

28. ABOUT THE AUTHOR

29. Lesson 4 Output #1

30. NOTE: Write your answers in a one whole sheet of yellow pad Follow the respective heading format of every PT and ACTIVITY Compile your papers in a PORTFOLIO AI/RELATIVE/SOC MED generated answers are strictly discouraged.

31. TOPIC