Formation of Coparcenary

Hindu Jurispriudence

1. Formation of Coparcenary: Mitakshara and
Dayabhaga
Mr. Amit Guleria (Double Medalist; Gold and Silver)
Assistant Professor,
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Law University Sonepat
Email: [email protected]

2. Concept of Coparcenary
Theterm‘Coparcenary’isusedintermsofdevolutionof
property(succession).
JHF-AbroaderUnit.
Coparcenary-AnarrowerUnit.
Coparcenary=‘narrowerunit’withinthe‘broaderunit’

3. JointHinduFamily:Thereisnolimitationofgenerations,it
canextendtoanynumberofgenerations.
Allthememberhavenotgainedbirthrightovertheproperty
(adoptedpersons,wives).
Coparcenary:Three-generationrule:withinthree
generationsfrom,andinclusiveoftheeldestmemberofthe
family.
AftertheAmendmentof2005inHAS,1956malesaswellas
femalesaregettingbirthright.

4. GGF
GF
F
S
SS
SSS
JHF
Coparcenary

5. Coparcenary (M)
A
A’s S
A’s GS
A’s GGS
D
D
D

6. Mitakshara and Dayabhaga Coparcenary
Mitakshara Coparcenary
1.Coparcenershavebirthrightover
thecoparcenaryproperty.
2.Therecanbecoparcenarybetween
fatherandhissons.
3.Coparcenaryisnotformedbywayof
agreement.
Dayabhaga Coparcenary
1.Thereisnobirthrightoverthe
ancestralproperty.
❖Sonsdonottakeanyinterestinthe
ancestralpropertyaslongasthefather
isalive.
2.Therecanbenocoparcenarybetween
thefatherandhissons.
❖Thebrothers/sisters(personsofsame
generation)constitutecoparcenary
afterthedeathoffatherinorderto
devolvetheproperty.
3. Coparcenary is constituted by way of
agreement only after the death of the
father.

7. Mitakshara Coparcenary
4. The sons/daughter can demand a
partition of Coparcenary property
from the father.
5. Coparcenary is formed as soon as
a son/daughter is born.
6.Theessenceofacoparcenaryis
unityofownership.
Dayabhaga Coparcenary
4.Thesonscannotdemandapartition
ofancestralpropertyfromthefather.
5.Coparcenaryisformedafterthe
deathofthefather.
6.Theessenceofacoparcenaryis
unityofpossession.

8. Mitakshara Coparcenary
7.Aftertheamendmentof2005in
HSA,daughtersarecoparcenersby
birth.
8.Shareoverthecoparcenary
propertyisfluctuating.
Dayabhaga Coparcenary
7.Thewidowanddaughter(s)can
constitutecoparcenaryafterthedeath
ofherhusbandandfathersuch
daughter(s).
8.Shareovertheancestralpropertyis
definite.