Formulation of Lipstick (B Pharm Sem V)

formulation of lipstick for B Pharmacy Semester V

1. Formulation of lipstick SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

2. introduction Lipsticks used to impart an attractive color & glossy moisture appearance to the lips. Lipstick is a cosmetic product containing pigments, oils, waxes, and emollients that apply color, texture, and protection to the lips. SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

3. Although the name originally applied to the baton (stick) of material, within a tubular container, usually around 10mm in diameter and 50mm in length the term has now generally transposed to the material itself, regardless of method of application. SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

4. IDEAL PROPERTIES It should be nontoxic & nonirritant to the lips. It should impart uniform color to the area of application. It should make lips soft. It should have stability towards environmental conditions. It should completely free from grittiness. The container should operate easily. SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

5. Raw materials used in lipsticks Waxes Oils Pigments and dyes Alcohol and fragrance Preservatives and antioxidants SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

6. Wax Wax provides the structure to the solid lipstick. Lipsticks may be made from several waxes such as beeswax, ozokerite and candelilla wax. Because of its high melting point, carnauba wax is a key ingredient in terms of strengthening the lipstick. SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

7. Oil It is the addition of oil that gives lipstick its shine and translucent effect. Different types of oils, like castor oil, vegetable oil, lanolin and mineral oil are used in lipsticks. SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

8. 3. Pigments and Dyes These are used in lipsticks to impart the desired color or shade to the lipstick. The dyes used in a lipstick include bismuth oxychloride , manganese violet, titanium dioxide, D&C Red No. 6, D&C Red No. 21. SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

9. Alcohol and Fragrances Alcohol is used as a solvent for the wax and oils used in making lipsticks. Fragrance is used for imparting a pleasant scent to the lipstick and to mask the smell of other ingredients. SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

10. 5 . Preservatives and Antioxidants Preservatives and antioxidants are added to the lipstick to increase its shelf life and to prevent it from becoming stale or rancid . Preservatives: Methyl paraben , P ropyl paraben. Antioxidants : Gallic acid, Propyl galate . SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

11. MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF LIPSTICKS Color Grinding Melting & Mixing Molding Flaming Packaging SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

12. Color Grinding Pigments and dyes are available in amorphous form, so we have to convert into powder form. Equipment used for grinding are…. 1 . Roller mill 2 . Colloidal mill SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

13. Mixing and melting First the raw materials like solvents, oils and waxy material are melted in separate stainless steel container. The solvents and oils are mixed with color pigments. Then the mixture is passed through roller mill grinding the pigments to avoid grainy feel in lipsticks. after the pigment mass is grounded and mixed it id added to hot wax until uniform color and consistency is obtained. SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

14. MOLDING Once the lipstick mass is mixed and free of air, it is ready to be poured in tubes. The melted mass is dispensed into a mold, which consists of bottom portion of metal and a shaping tube. Lipstick is poured up side down so that bottom of tube is at top of mold . Any excess material is scrapped out. The lipstick is cooled and separated from mold and bottom of tube is sealed. The lipstick is passed through flaming test to seal the pinholes and to give finish to the product. SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

15. LABELLING AND PACKAGING The lipstick is retracted and tube is capped. The lipstick is ready for labeling and packaging SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

16. DEFECTS FORMULATION RELATED PROBLEMS SWEATING : Caused due to high oil content or inferior oil binding. BLEEDING : Separation of colored liquids from waxy bases. BLOOMING : Due to higher percentage of cetyl alcohol. STREAKING : Expected to be caused due to titanium dioxide . SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

17. MOULDING RELATED PROBLEMS LADDERING : L ipstick does not look smooth or homogenous. DEFORMATION : Noticeable in softer formulae. CRATERING : Shows up flaming when stick develops dimples. SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

18. FORMULATION SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

19. Method of preparation Take castor oil, lanoline alcohol, Oleyl alcohol in a beaker(A) containing dyes and pigments Heat the above mixture to 65˚ c In another beaker(B) take remaining ingredients. Heat to 65˚ c. Then add the contents of beaker A to beaker B by vigorous stirring. Then this solution is added to molds SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

20. Evaluation Melting point Breaking point Force of application Stability Microbial testing SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase

21. Melting point evaluation should be done to know the problems during handling and storage. The melting point should generally be above 50 degree Celsius. breaking point of lipsticks should be evaluated for conforming strength of lipsticks. Force of application to evaluate the value of force to apply to surface. Stability is an important evaluation parameter . stability for long time and short time are evaluated. SVS Institute of Pharmacy, Mungase