Fossil fuels and uses of it project work.pptx

Project of fossil fuels and emmsion of pollution

1. Comparative study of oxidized coal and non-oxidized coal through froth floatation method BIRSA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SINDRI, DHANBAD Under the Guidance Of: Dr. Amit Kumar Gupta (Department of Chemical Engineering ) 1 NAME REGISTRATION NO. Nitesh Kumar Mahato 20030420053 Nidhi Kumari 20030420049 Lajwanti Samad 20030420043 Presented by:

2. Topics Slide No. Introduction 3-10 Objective 11-13 Froth floatation mechanism 14-15 Observation Advantage of froth floatation Conclusion 2 Content

3. Coal is a fossil fuel formed from the remain of plants . Its mainly carbon and used for electricity and heat generation It is primarily composed of carbon along with varying amount of other elements such as hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen COAL 3

4. Oxidized coal is coal that has reacted with oxygen in the air , changing its properties and potentially impacting its combustion behavior and environmental effects. OXIDIZED COAL 4

5. Non oxidized coal is coal that has not reacted with oxygen , maintaining its original properties such as a high energy content and combustion behavior Non oxidized coal is typically found deep underground or in sealed environments where exposure to oxygen is limited NON OXIDIZED COAL 5

6. Pollution 1kg of coal gives more CO 2 than 1 kg of CO 2 while burning Green house effect Global warming COAL AS A FUEL 6

7. Redues enviroment impacts coal which cause acid rain climate change. Reduses emission of coal energy such as sox nox co2 and chemical by products. CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY 7

8. Coal gasification Coal liquification Coal desulphurisation Integrated gas combined cycle Froth flotation CLEAN COAL PROCESSES 8

9. Froth flotation is a method used to separate valuable minerals from gangue by exploiting differences in their surface properties through the formation of a froth layer on the surface of a water based suspension. FROTH FLOTATION 9

10. Separates material depending on their relative affinity to water Separate hydrophobic material from hydrophilic Reagent enhance hydrophobic property of desired material Residual substance are more hydrophilic FROTH FLOTATION 10

11. To separate sulfur and fine minerals from coal To reduce environmental and operation problems in power plants To separate GANGUE from coal. OBJECTIVES OF FROTH FLOTATION 11

12. GRINDING THE ORE : The first step is crush and grind the ore to a fine powder . CREATING A SLURRY : The powder ore is mixed with water to create a slurry . ADDING COLLECTORS: Collectors are chemical compound that selectively bind to the surface . HOW IT WORKS 12

13. They are added to the slurry to enhance the hydrophobicity(water repellent properties) of the mineral particles . INTRODUCING AIR: Air is bubbled through the slurry. The air bubbles attach themselves to the hydrophobic mineral particles, creating a froth at the surface of the flotation cell. 13 HOW IT WORKS

14. FORMING OF FROTH : The froth, which contains the hydrophobic mineral particles, is skimmed off from the top of the flotation cell . This froth typically contains the valuable minerals. COLLECTING THE CONCENTRATR : The froth is then collected and further processed to extract the valuable minerals. This collected froth is known as concentrate. 14

15. DISPOSING OF THE TAILING : The remaining slurry, which contain the unwanted minerals (gangue ), is discharged as tailings . 15

16. FLOTATION MECHANISM 16

17. Flotation chemicals include: a) Xanthates 1. Potassium amyl xanthate (PAX) 2. Potassium isobutyl Xanthate (PIBX) 3. Potassium ethyl xanthate (PEX) 4. Sodium isobutyl xanthate (SIBX) b) Dithiophosphates 1. Thiocarbamates 2. Xanthogen Formates 3. Thionocarbamates 4. Thiocarbanalide FLOTATION CHEMICALS 17

18. 18 OBSERVATION NO OF SAMPLE TIME (IN MINUTE) RESULT (IN WEIGHT) 1 10 min 12g 2 15 min 18g 3 20 min 25g 1. CHEMICAL- DIESEL OIL FOR OXIDISED COAL

19. 19 OBSERVATION NO OF SAMPLE TIME (IN MINUTE) RESULT (IN WEIGHT) 1 1 min 14g 2 15 min 20g 3 20 min 30g 2 . CHEMICAL- DIESEL OIL FOR NON-OXIDISED COAL

20. 20 OBSERVATION NO OF SAMPLE TIME (IN MINUTE) RESULT (IN WEIGHT) 1 10 min 11g 2 15 min 17g 3 20 min 22g 3 . CHEMICAL- SUNFLOWER OIL FOR OXIDISED COAL

21. 21 OBSERVATION NO OF SAMPLE TIME (IN MINUTE) RESULT (IN WEIGHT) 1 10 min 13g 2 15 min 21g 3 20 min 26g 4 . CHEMICAL- SUNFLOWER OIL FOR NON-OXIDISED COAL

22. Low capital cost Low space requirements Helps to separate raw materials from desired minerals Improved burning features Environment friendly ADVANTAGES OF FROTH FLOTATION 22

23. Froth flotation is an excellent way to utilize the coal in a more efficient manner. It is not only an easy process but it is also very cheap and economical . Scientists are still researching to find even more better ways of coal burning technologies and the field of “Clean Coal Technology is playing a vital role in safeguarding our environment CONCLUSION 23

24. THANK YOU 24