Foundation Fieldbus Technology - By Abhilash.pptx

Foundation fieldbus communication protocol

1. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus GET’s Presentation By - Abhilash Chavan

2. Contents / Agenda Introduction to FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus Terminologies and Network W iring Fundamentals Difference between FF and Conventional W iring N etwork Fieldbus Communication Functional Blocks Loop Scheduling Interoperability Reliability Fieldbus in Hazardous area Segment Designing Points to Consider FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 2

3. Centralized Control FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 3

4. Distributed Control FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 4

5. Fieldbus Control FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 5

6. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus is a digital, two way, multi drop, communication system for Intelligent field Instruments. LAN : Local Area Network dedicated for Automation H1 works at 31.25 Kbits/sec and generally connects to field devices. It provides communication and power over standard twisted pair wiring. H1 is the most commonly used implementation . HSE ( High speed Ethernet) works at 100Mbits/sec and generally connects input/output subsystems , host systems, gateways and field devices using standard Ethernet cabling . Backbone for H1 Network Introduction 6

7. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus Introduction Digital Communication Multi-drop wiring Two way information transfer Multivariable instrument Diagnostic information Control in the field Reliable Interoperable DCS High Speed (100 Mbits/s ) Maintenance Information 7

8. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 8 Why ?

9. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 9 24 V dc Bulk Power Supply Terminator Terminator Spur Fieldbus Power Supply T T H1 Fieldbus I/O Card Trunk Fieldbus Wiring Network

10. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus Fieldbus Terminologies Trunk : A Trunk is the main communication highway between devices on an H1 fieldbus network. Source of main power supply. Spur : H1 branch line final circuit connecting the field device to the Trunk. Spur Box : A physical interface between a Trunk and a Spur. Can include integrated Terminator , short circuit protection and Barriers . Terminator : A n impedance-matching module used at each end of a transmission line Intrinsic safe barriers : A device connected on one side to the bus by another protection method than intrinsic safety, by this providing high power to the fieldbus barrier. 10

11. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 11 Surge Protectors : A device which divert a surge current to earth and control voltage to a level. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus Host: Control system that has FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus capabilities to configure and operate FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus segments. Current Limiter : O vercomes the problem of spur shorts Repeaters : used either to extend the length of a fieldbus segment or to increase the number of devices on a segment. Connector : Coupling device used to connect between wire medium with FF devices or segment Topology : Shape and design of the fieldbus network Fieldbus Terminologies

12. Difference – Conventional and FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus Conventional FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 12

13. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 13

14. Difference – HART and FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus Analog Interoperability Limited Vendor play IMP role More Cables and Termination Diagnostic only if HART Less Reliable FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 14 Digital Interoperable Vendor Neutral Less Cables and Termination Diagnostic More Reliable

15. Difference – Conventional and FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus Conventional FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 15

16. Selection Engineering Cost Material Cost Installation Cost Commissioning Cost Maintenance Cost Operation and Production Cost

17. Reduction in Cabling, R epairs and Installation Cost FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 17

18. Reduction in Hardware / System loading FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 18

19. Cost I mpact

20. Foundation Fieldbus 21

21. Benefits of FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 22

22. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 23 Benefits of FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus CIF – Control In Field

23. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 24 Fieldbus Communication The Physical L ayer The Data L ink and Application Layer The User L ayer

24. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 25 Fieldbus Communication The Physical Layer : R eceives messages from the Communications Stack and converts the messages into physical signals and vice-versa The Data Link and Application Layer : Provides a standard way of packaging and managing schedule for communication and functional block execution The User Layer : It contain resource block, transducer block and functional block which execute device capabilities of control & diagnostics

25. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 26 Fieldbus Blocks

26. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 27 Fieldbus Blocks Resource Block : A RB describes characteristics of the fieldbus device such as the device name, manufacturer and serial number. Transducer Block : A TB decouples Function Blocks (FBs) from the local Input / Output (I/O) functions required to read sensors and command output hardware. TBs contain information such as calibration date and sensor type . Functional Block : Function Blocks (FB's) are built into Fieldbus devices as needed to achieve the desired control functionality . Automation functions provided by Standard FB’s include Analogue Input (AI), Analogue Output (AO ), Proportional/Integral/Derivative (PID) control and others `

27. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 28 Fieldbus Communication Link Active Scheduler : A LAS is a deterministic, centralized bus scheduler that maintains a list of transmission times for all data buffers in all devices that need to be cyclically transmitted . Scheduled/Cyclic Communications : Important related about process variable Publisher/Subscriber Method : Data is transmitted cyclically by Publishers ( devices on the network). Devices that are configured to receive the data are called Subscribers Unscheduled Communications : Diagnostic and status info. Alarm, events , configuration , trend data also important but not time critical. C-S method of communication Macro cycle : Complete cycle of both communication

28. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 29 Loop Scheduling Basic Scheduling : In FF control related communication and functional block execution performs at defined interval.

29. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 30 Multi Loop Scheduling

30. Functional Blocks FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 31

31. Fieldbus Interoperability Ability to operate multiple devices , independent of Manufacturers in a same system Freedom to choose best technical & economical devices regardless of vendor FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 32 Testing devices for Interoperability The Stack Conformance Test : The Device Interoperability Test : HIST : Host Interoperability Support Test :

32. Reliability Wiring Reliability : Less wires easy for installation and if damage happens time required to repaired is significantly lower than conventional. Segment reliability : Segment can considered as separate entity. H1 card which can control particular loops. Segment will be design to achieve good reliability. Total System Reliability : Fewer point of failure in a system implies the higher potential reliability Redundant Host Card : Used to monitor particular Important loops. Backup LAS : Resides in a host w hich becomes active when LAS in field fails FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 33

33. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 34 Reliability MTTF – Mean Time to Failure

34. Fieldbus in Hazardous area Equipment and products in hazardous areas are required to meet stringent criteria . They must be protected to avoid the possibility of them becoming a source of ignition . Fieldbus devices used in hazardous areas can be supplied with Intrinsically Safe (IS ) type of protection Achieved by limiting the amount of power available to the electrical equipment in the hazardous area to a level below that which will ignite the gases. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 35

35. Entity Concept Based on IEC 60079-11 One source of possible energy into hazardous area - power supply Validation includes calculations for Capacitance and Inductance Significant power limitation 2 to 3 Devices per segment FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 36

36. Entity Concept FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 37

37. FISCO IEC standard 60079-27 describes this concept Only one power supply is permitted per fieldbus segment Increase available power Eliminates calculations for L/C 4 to 8 devices per segment Need FISCO certificate Ex ia IIC or Ex ib IIC (Gas groups A & B), T4 FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 38

38. FNICO Conceptually same as FISCO Lower Safety Factor Bus Limitation of 1000 m Spur Limitation of 60 m Limited availability of Device Ex nL and Power Supply Higher power to Trunk Zone 2 / Division 2 FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 39

39. High Power Trunk with Field Barrier Concept T runk carries higher power than recommended by Entity and FISCO concepts T runk terminals comply to increased safety (Ex e) requirements. The spurs are intrinsically safe (Ex ia). C ompatible with both FISCO and Entity-certified field instruments. Galvanic Isolation and short circuit protection Up to 16 devices and 1900 m cable Redundant power supply FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 40

40. Future with DART FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 41

41. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 42 FF Segment Interconnection

42. Performance Comparison FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 43

43. Comparison of Actual value FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 44

44. Fieldbus Topology Tree / Chicken Foot Topology : A bus with spurs connected to the trunk in closed groups FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 45 Branch Topology : Connect through individual spurs branching off the main trunk Mix Topology

45. Segment and Length Calculation Segment : The cable, connected devices, and supporting components are called a segment. Length : Total segment length is determined by adding the length of all the sections of the segment . ( i. e. trunk & spur) The total segment length must be within the maximum allowed limit for the particular wire type used. Table complied from Source : IEC 61158-2 FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 46

46. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 47 Segment and Length Calculation Total Length = T1+T2+S1+S2+S3+S4+S5+S6+S7 < 1900m for Type A

47. Mission critical loop Highly important loop 3. Normal important loop 4. Monitoring loop FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 48 Segment Designing 1 . Loop Criticality :

48. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 49 2. Other Important Factors : M odularity : G roup devices and segments along process lines . Besides this modular approach offers both maintenance and performance benefits . Use separate segments for unrelated equipment units or process area : easy for installation and maintenance Use separate segments for parallel process streams : Availability Put all devices for the same loop on the same segment : Reduce complexity Leave room for growth : consider to add more devices to a loop in the future Segment Designing

49. 3. Power Distribution Power supply output – 20 Volts Cable used - Type A Resistance of cable – 22 ohms/km Each device draws – 20 mA Minimum voltage needed by a device – 9 Volts Power drawn by all instrument should less than power supply capacity) FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 50

50. Power Distribution Continue….. Since each device needs- 9 volts Voltage used by cable resistance=20-9=11 volts Current available = voltage/resistance 11 volts/44 Ohms/km = 250 mA As each device draws 20 mA No. of devices = current available/device draw =250 mA/ 20 mA = 12 devices FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 51

51. Phases of a Project Conception Design Verification Implementation Using fieldbus technology on a project is given in FEED Documents. Input Documents given to vendor Documents given by vendor FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 52

52. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 53 Segment Designing Overall

53. June 14 Presentation title

54. June 14 Presentation title Spur Trunk

55. June 14 Presentation title

56. June 14 Ideas changed world

57. June 14 Ideas changed world Trunk length 500 m

58. June 14 Presentation title

59. June 14 Presentation title

60. (Physical) DEVICE TAG ( PD_TAG) DEVICE CLASS HIGH XD_SCALE LOW XD_SCALE UNIT HIGH OUT_SCALE LOW OUT_SCALE ENG UNIT Node Address PV_FTIME

61. Instrument Specification Sheets Need to be done after segment design Information needed for fieldbus Power supply Signal output Hazardous area certification Quiescent current Internal Diagnostics Functional block FF Revision - Interoperability Test Kit (ITK) CFF Revision (Common File format) LAS Capable DD Revision (Device Description) Manufacturer Model number FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 74

62. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 75 Mega block Fieldbus Components Terminator FISCO PC Power Conditioner Mega Block

63. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 76 Fieldbus Components IS Barriers Surge Protector Surge Protector Trunk and Spurs

64. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 77 Terminator Spur Box Marshalling DART JB Fieldbus Components

65. While Commissioning - Point to Consider When checking the device, use defaults settings where ever possible. Take a screen capture of the device settings, so you have a record of the settings that have been used Take care of Grounding, Shielding and Surge Do not untwist the Twisted pair cable. Avoid sharp bends as same can distort the shield and also may cause shorts Arrange training on installation and maintenance by experts Non-Redundant FF H1 cards can be used on all noncritical segments; however a spare slot shall be left adjacent to each H1 card for the future if required. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 78

66. Ensure that device addresses are unique. FF device shall be pre-configured by the Device seller with Device tag and Channel address setting . While removing a live FF device for maintenance, take the device in OOS mode (Out of Service mode) and then remove the device Consider using control in the field. As long as the segment retains power (and one device has backup LAS), automatic control can be maintained in the field devices. Ensure all devices with FF ‘check mark’ FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 79 While Commissioning - Point to Consider

67. FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus 80 Thank you !