Fourth ventricle

Lectures of neuroanatomy by Dr. Noura El Tahawy

1. Fourth ventricle

By
Dr. Noura El Tahawy

3. Sagittal section of the brainstem & cerebellum

Tectal plate

PAG Plane of section

Central gray

iets Er |. à

Fourth 5H
ventricle

Aqueduct

_/__ Pons

Emerging ——————_ Al

cerebrospinal fluid

> Pyramid

Central canal
—_L— Spinal cord

The diagram showing the position of the fourth ventricle. Cerebrospinal fluid descends along
the aqueduct into the fourth ventricle and emerges into the subarachnoid space via three
apertures including the median aperture containing the arrow.

4. Sagittal hemisection of the brain

Stra medular

Paraterminal gytus
Lamina terminals
tasa

Pineal gland

Pia mater: red; ependyma: blue.

5. Fourth ventricle

Central canal —fourth ventricle mesencephalic aqueduct—third ventricle

Position
Situated ventral to cerebellum, and

dorsal to pons and cranial half of
medulla

6. MRI scan of head in sagittal plane.

7. Projection of the ventricles onto the left surface of the brain.

Antarke horn of Body of Posterior horn
lateral ventricle it of lateral ventricle

inferior horn of
lateral ventricle —

Cerebral aqueduct Fourth wentricie

8. Boundaries & floor of 4%

ventricle

10. Posterior “ J/ 1 | Habenular trigone
‘Medial en.
3rd ventricle Mai | Geniculate bodies
Pulvinar of thalamus— AA, af, Dorsal median sulcus
Pineal body Superior cerebellar peduncle

Superior colliculus : Locus ceruleus

Inferior colliculus- Medial eminence
Trochlear nerve (IV SER > scales
i E Vestibular area
Superior medullary velum ZA Vestibular area
| superior ZK YA A Dentate nucleus
rebellar peduncles | Middle of cerebellum

Inferior

Cuneate tubercle

i
EE ES OS
Ze D 4
Lateral rec «— Ye ; Taenia of ath ventricle
Superior fovea: A

Sulcus limitans-

1, Gracile tubercle
Inferior fovea: WY 1 L i Dorsal median sulcus

Hypoglossal trigone ‘Cuneate fasciculus

Vagal trigone | —Gx ile fasciculus

Obex:

11. Posterior view of the brainstem.

Thalamus

Superior colliculus mS

Interior colliculus

Superior cerebellar peduncle _ A

Pineal gland

Trochlear nerve

à Cerulean nucleus
Middle cerebellar peduncle ———

Inferior cerebellar peduncle _ I \
> GU Facial colliculus

Vestibular area A | 5
——————— Hypoglossal trigone

Vagal trigone .
Cuneate tubercle Obex

7) -—~—__- Grecile tubercle

12. Fourth ventricle

Boundaries
Inferolateral:
gracile and
cuneate tubercles,
inferior cerebellar
peduncles
Superolateral:
superior cerebellar
peduncle
Lateral recess

13. Floor of the Fourth yentricle

Pontine part +. a
= Median sulcus =_ = =

= Sulcus limitans y

Tee esti lar area
af pn
Medial eminence PAL #
- Facial colliculus: ‘ \ | À 4 5 e

| à 4 y

overlies nucleus of
abducent n. and genu off

facial nerve
- Hypoglossal trianglı
Vestibular area

overlies vestibular
nuclei

Acoustic tubercle | UT F4
overlying dorsal < NY
cochlear nucleus ho

: N

Inferior fovea Ye

(Vagal triangle)

14. Floor of the Fourth ventricle

Medullary
part
-Inferior fovea
1- Hypoglossal
triangle:
overlying
hypoglossal
nucleus

2-Vestibular —— Im
triagle

3- Vagal triangle: WEN -

overlies dorsal
nucleus of
vagus nerve

15. Roof of 4 Ventricle

17. Fourth ventricle

Roof
Rostral part:
-superior cerebellar

peduncle and superior
- medullary velum

Caudal part:
-inferior medullary
velum and choroid
plexus of fourth
ventricle

Three apertures

a Median aperture (F.
of Magendi)

a Two lateral
apertures (foramina
of Luschka)

18. Recesses of 4%

Ventricle

20. cla ghoroidea-and-choroid plexus

21. The arrangement of tissues forming the choroid plexus.

Tho
fissure

achnoid mater

Subarachnoid space Capllary

Choroidal
capilary

22. Interventicular foramen

Subarachnoid space

Superior sagital sinus

— Median aperture of
fourth ventricle

Lateral ventricle

Lateral aperture
‘of fourth venticle

© Elsevier. Crossman & Neary: Neuroanatomy 3e - www.studentconsult.com

The cerebral ventricular system and its relationship with the subarachnoid space .The

circulation of cerebro

pinal fluid is indicated by arrow

23. Arachnid villi

Cerebral cortex

Arachnoid mater —~

barachnoid space
— Falx cerebri
© Elsevier. Crossman & Neary: Neuroanatomy 3e - www.studentconsult. com

Transverse section through the superior sagittal sinus showing arachnoid villi

24. Arachnoid granulations

Great longitudinal fissure
© Elsevier. Crossman & Neary: Neuroanatomy 3e - www.studentconsult.com

Superior aspect of the cerebral hemispheres showing arachnoid granulations on the right
side .On the left side, the arachnoid mater has been removed

25. Thanks

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