FRACTURE PANKAJ.pptx(Musculoskeletal disorder)

FRACTURE .HERE I COVERED ALL TOPICS RELATED TO FRACTURE .

1. FRACTURE PANKAJ SOLANKI M.Sc.NURSING 1 ST YEAR CON,AIIMS JODHPUR

2. MOTIVATIONAL THOUGHTS

3. PRE TEST OR KNOWLEDGE ASSESMENTS

4. TOPIC

5. TOPIC

6. DEFINITION

7. CAUSES OF FRACTURE

8. CLASSIFICATIONS OF FRACTURE

9. CONT…

10. EXPLAINATION OF FRACTURE TYPES

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15. OTHERS FRACTURE ACCORDING TO NAME .

16. CONT … 18.BOXER FRACTURE- 5TH metacarpal fracture. 19.MONTEGGIA FRACTURE Proximal ulnar fracture. 20.SMITH FRACTURE- Distal radius bone fracture.

17. CONT ….

18. INCIDANCES

19. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF FRACTURE DUE TO ETIOLOGICAL FRACTURE (DEFICIENCY OF CALCIUM) ↓ BONES CALCIUM LEVEL BECOMES LOW ↓ BONES BECOMES SOFTENING ↓ BONES BECOME FRACTURE ↓ FRACTURE

20. CLINICAL MANIFESTATION

21. DIAGNOSIS OF FRACTURE Physical examinations CT-Scan(Computed Tomography) MRI(Magnetic Radiation Imaging)

22. COMPLICATION OF FRACTURE Fat embolism( most common complication) Compartment syndrome. Repitative fracture Bone necrosis

23. MANAGEMENTS OF FRACTURE PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENTS- Managements is done by any medications or drugs is known as pharmacological management or also called as medical managements. Examples (Antibiotics Therapy.. Pharmacological management-Antibiotic therapy-Antibiotic therapy is choosen after culture whenever possible the antibiotics is used intravenous for 6 weeks and then orally up to 6 months usually FLOROQUINOLES (OFLAXIN,CIPROFLOXACIN)are effectives.

24. SURGICAL MANAGEMENTS SURGICAL MANAGEMENTS- Managements by the any surgical procedures or any surgical interventions is known as surgical managements. DEFINITIVE MANAGEMENT DONE BY IMMOBILIZATIONS , IMMOBILIZATIONS INVOLVE FOLLOWING TECHNIQUES- 1.REDUCTIONS 2.FIXATIONS 3.TRACTIONS 4.CASTS

25. Cont ….. 1 . REDUCTIONS Reductions indicates reduce the bone gap between fracture bones,also known as a setting of bones. Responsible to maintain normal allingment . Total 2 methods- # Close reductions# Open reductionsCLOSE REDUCTIONS-It is non surgical procedures. External support is compulsory after the procedurs . Advices x ray to confirm the interventions. OPEN REDUCTIONS –It is done with the combination of fixations knowns as ORIF (open reductions internal fixations ).

26. Cont …. 2.FIXATION It is done by use devices. Examples.. Rod,Pin,Screw,Wires,Plates etc. Total 2 types of fixations External fixations Internal fixations. # EXTERNAL FIXATIONS-It is done by the use of frame.Frame is supported by inserted wire.Highest priority interventions pin care to prevent infections # INTERNAL FIXATIONS-Artificial devices inserted (PROTHESIS).Provide immediately relief.

27. Cont … 3 . TRACTIONS Tractions means WEIGHT. It follows the principle of NEWTONS 3RD LAW. Some examples of tractions are as follows …. BUCKS TRACTIONS RUSSELS TRACTION DUNLOP TRACTION

28. Cont.. TRACTIONS BAYANT TRACTION SKIN TRCTIONS SKELETON TRACTION.

29. 4.CASTS A casts is a protective shell that immobilizes and support an injured body part like a broken bone to prevent ,to promote healing and the main types are plaster casts and fibre glass casts . Types of casts……. .#Synthetic casts #Splins ( half casts ) #Cast brace (hard plastics) #Water proof casts

30. Cont ….. CASTS Accordong to location of body ……… Short arm Long arm Short leg Spica casts

31. HEALTH EDUCATIONS Seek medical help: Go to a doctor or emergency department if you suspect a broken bone. Immobilize: If trained, apply a splint to the injured area. Apply ice: Wrap ice in a towel and apply it to reduce swelling, but don't place it directly on the skin. Control bleeding: For open fractures, cover the wound with a sterile, moistened dressing. Long-Term Care & Recovery Follow medical instructions: Adhere strictly to your doctor's guidance for healing. Cast/Splint care: Keep casts dry; use a hairdryer on a cool setting if they get damp.

32. Cont.. HEALTH EDUCATION Do not insert objects into the cast. Physical therapy: Engage in prescribed exercises to restore muscle strength, joint motion, and flexibility. Diet: Eat a nutritious diet that supports bone healing. Monitor pain: Manage pain as directed by your doctor; pain should subside over the first few days. Preventing Future Fractures Address underlying bone-weakening conditions like osteoporosis with your doctor. Take precautions to prevent falls, especially for older adults. Wear protective gear during sports or activities that carry a high risk of injury.

33. REFERANCES Brunner & Suddarth's textbook of medical-surgical nursing. 13th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2014. Chapter 69, Management of patients with musculoskeletal trauma(PAGE NO .)

34. POST TEST OR FEEDBACK 1. What is a fracture? 2. Name two types of bone fractures 3What is the most common symptom of a fracture? 4. How is a closed fracture different from an open fracture? 5.Which diagnostic tool is commonly used to confirm a fracture? 6.What is the purpose of immobilization in fracture treatment? 7. Name one complication that can occur after a fracture? 8. MOST COMMON FRACTURE IN CHILDREN ? 9.STUDY OF BONE IS KNOWN AS ….?