FRACTURES & DISLOCATIONS general overview.pptx

For some knowledge regarding fractures of bones and joint dislocations

1. FRACTURE DISLOCATION

2. FRACTURE Bones form the skeletal frame work of the body and supports the body against activity. It helps in movement and activities. Bones protect some body parts. Bone marrow produces blood products. Fractures occur when bone cannot withstand outside forces.

3. Description of location Which bone? Thirds(long bones) : Proximal, middle, distal third Anatomic al orientation : P rox., dist ., M ed ., A nt ., Post. Anatomic al landmar ks: H ead, neck, body Segment (long bones ): Epiphysis,physis,diaphysis

4. Signs and Symptoms of a Fr acture Pain and tenderness Loss of function A wound may present Deformity Abnormal Mobility Loss of Transmitted Mobility Swelling and bruising

5. Emergency care for Fr acture Dislocation Administer O2 if Required Control any bleeding & dress ing of open wounds Check distal pulse Apply slight traction Apply splint or Slab Control swelling with ice pack and medications

6. Diagnosing Bone Fractures X-ray of injured area. Some fractures are difficult to see in an X- Ray, so a CT scan, MRI or other bone scans are used.

7. Types of Fractures

8. Complete Fractures

9. Incomplete Fractures

10. Treatment of Fractures There are two main types of treatments: External fixation- Slab And Casts Internal fixation- Su rgery : K- wire, P lates, Sc rew s , N ails Etc.

11. DISLOCATION When the bones at a joint are no longer in proper contact. Most frequently dislocation joints – Sh oulder, El bow, T h u mb , Fin ger, Ja w, K nee.

12. Sign of a D islocation Deformity or abnormal appearance . Pain and tenderness aggravated by movement. Loss of normal function . Joint may be locked in one position . Swelling of joint .

13. General Treatment Principles Stop the activity . Survey the injured area. First aid if qualified . Determine if additional medical attention is necessary .

14. RICE REST IMMOBILIZE COLD ELEVAT ION

15. Shoulder Dislocation Take a past medical history Clinical exam ination X-ray Several method for reduction scapular rotation

16. Anterior Dislocation, Right shoulder

17. Glenohumeral Reductions

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