Friedel craft reaction

this is a seminarr on the friedel craft alkylation an d acylation.this is alll about the presentation you can get here

1. FRIEDELCRAFT’S REACTION (A CASE STUDY OF SE- REACTION)   BY- Sambit Bhai Patel

2. Introduction Electrophillic substitution Friedel craft’s reaction & it’s type Friedel craft’s alkylation reaction’s statement Friedel craft’s alkylation reaction’s mechanism Friedel craft’s alkylation reaction’s examples Limitation of friedel craft’s alkylation reaction Friedel craft’s acylation reaction’s statements Friedel craft’s acylation reaction’s mechanism Friedel craft’s acylation reaction’s examples Conclusion CONTENTS

3. INTRODUCTION Substitution reaction - This is the replacement organic reaction in which a atom or group is replaced by a another atom or group of reagent to formed substitution product. It is of two types - (a) Nucleophilic substitution (b) Electrophilic substitution  

4. Electrophilic substitution 1) Electrophile means loving of electron and the reagent , compounds or ions having deficient of electron is called electophile.   2)The subustution reaction which is initiated by a electrophile & this reaction is called electrophilic substitution reaction.   3) Electrophilic substitution reaction occurs in aromatic hydrocarbon & aromatic compound.   4) It is the type of substitution reaction where an electrophile attacks to the aromatic ring and replaced or substitute another electrophile of aromatic ring (H + ) to form electrophile subustation products. 5)The electrophilic substitution reaction occurs i n the benzene ring is a) halogenation b)nitration c)sulphonation d)Friedel craft’s reaction

5. Friedel craft’s reaction and it’s type   Friedel craft’s reaction was introduced by Charles Friedel And James Craft in 1877 to attached substituents to an aromatic ring. This reactin is known as Fridel craft’s reaction.   It is of two types Friedel Craft’s alkylation Friedel Craft’s acylation         (Charles Friedel) (James Craft)

6. Friedel Craft’s alkylation When an benzene ring with alkyl halide in presense of anhydrous AlX 3 it will form alkyl benzene.   It is the best method of preparation of alkyl benzene.   When benzene ring reacts with methyl chloride in presence of anhydrous AlCl 3 it will form methyl benzene or toluene.  

7. Friedel craft’s alkylation reaction’s mechanism It occurs in 3 steps Step-1- Generation of Electrophile methyl carbonium. Step-2- Attack the electrophile to benzene ring and form sigma complex which is stabilized by resonance. Step-3- The abstraction of H + from sigma complex to form electrophilic substitutions products .

8. Friedel craft’s alkylation reaction’s examples   When benzene reacts with 1-Chloropropane in presence of AlCl 3 it gives 2 products. One is n-propylbenzene which is minor product and another is iso-propylbenzene which is major product because 2 carbocation is more stable than 1 carbocation. (iso-propylbenzene)

9. Limitation OF FRIEDEL CRAFT’S ALKYLATION REACTION

10. Friedel craft’s acylation reaction’s statements   When benzene reacts with acylchloride in presence of AlCl 3 it gives benzophenone. Friedel craft’s acylation reaction’s mechanism It occurs in 3 steps- Step-1 - Generation of electrophile (acylcarbocation)

11. Step-3 - The abstraction of H + from sigma complex to form electrophilic substitutions products . S tep -2 - Attack the electrophile to benzene ring and form sigma complex which is stabilized by resonance.

12. Friedel craft’s acylation reaction’s examples When benzene reacts with acetyl chloride in presence of catalyst anhydrous AlCl 3 it will form acetophenone. Reaction-