Frog skeletal system, bones, girdles

Frog skeletal system, bones, girdles

1. FROG SKELETAL SYSTEM

2. INTRODUCTION The frog’s body is entirely supported by an endoskeleton. The endoskeleton system is mainly composed of :- Axial skeleton – skull and vertebral column Appendicular skeleton - girdles and limb bones ( fore limb and hind limb). The endoskeleton consists of both bone and cartilage.

3. CRANIUM

4. AUDITORY CAPSULE

5. OLFACTORY CAPSULE The nasal capsule opens to the outside via the external nostrils. The nasal capsule communicates with the buccal cavity via internal nostrils. The walls of olfactory capsules are mainly cartilagenous. Posterior region formed by ethmoid region of sphenethmoid. Two nasal capsules are separated by vertical cartilage known as the mesethmoid Dorsal wall strengthened by triangular bone nasal Ventral wall consists of vomer bearing vomerine teeth

6. Upper Jaw

7. Lower Jaw and Hyoid Apparatus

8. ATLAS

9. TYPICAL VERTEBRAE (2 – 7 th vertebrae )

10. EIGHTH VERTEBRAE

11. NINTH VERTEBRAE

12. UROSTYLE

13. PECTORAL GIRDLE

14. PELVIC GIRDLE

15. FORELIMB BONES

16. HINDLIMB BONES