Full EVM details for Indian elections ppt

EVM

1. Election Commission of India
A State-of-the-Art, User Friendly
and Tamper Proof
Electronic Voting Machine
(EVM)

2. Presentation
•The Genesis
–Concept, Challenge, Solution
•Concerns
•Remedies
•EVM
–Technological Features
–Description
–Operation
•Polling, Closing, Counting & Results
•Advantages
•Statistics of Interest

3. Genesis - Concept
•Idea mooted by the Chief
Election Commissioner in
1977
•Pros and cons of E-voting
vis-à-vis ballot paper
analysed by High Power
Committees
•Recommended E-voting to
save avoidable and recurring
expenditure on printing,
storage, transportation and
security of Ballot Paper to
the exchequer
Top: Ballot paper awaiting despatch
Bottom: EVMs in store room

4. Genesis - Challenge
•Evolve a machine which
would fit into the existing
Election Procedure
•Appear familiar to the voter
•Addressing the skepticism of
the Political Parties and
Intelligentsia including Press
•Evolving a machine and a
procedure which would be
transparent and acceptable
to all
Top: Ballot box being carried to the polling station
Bottom: EVMs being carried to the polling station

5. Genesis - Solution
•Electronics Corporation of
India Limited (ECIL) a leading
Public Sector Company
engaged in the design and
manufacture of professional
electronics was commissioned
to design a machine to prove
the feasibility
•Once feasibility was
established, Bharat
Electronics Limited (BEL) a
second Public Sector
Company was co-opted into
the exercise
Voters waiting to cast their vote

6. Genesis - Solution
•Both the companies (ECIL &
BEL) brought out models with
a common User Interface in
1980
•The machines were
extensively tried out at
locations across the country
•Publicity campaigns were run
in the press and other media
•Seminars conducted by
Election Commission of India
in various forums
•Feedback obtained used to
fine-tune the machine
Voting the Ballot box way
Voting the EVM way

7. Concerns
•How secure is the data ?
•Can the data be tampered
with ?
•How does the machine
operate in remote areas
without electric power ?
•What happens if the power
fails in the middle of the
voting process ?
•Can the data be stored long
enough to be used as
evidence in a court of law in
case of electoral disputes ?
Top: EVM being demonstrated to the press
Middle: EVM being demonstrated to VIPs
Bottom: Address to the press on EVMs

8. Remedies
•All mechanical, electrical and
software security features are
provided to ensure the integrity of
the voting data
•It is independent of mains power
and operates on a special power
pack
•It is tamper-proof and error free
•It incorporates a microprocessor
that has ‘burnt-in’ software code
which cannot be altered or retrieved
•All the data is recorded on non-
volatile dual redundant memory
chips and can be retained for over 6
months even when the power pack
is removed
Counting
Ballot paper way
Counting - EVM way

9. EVM – Technology Features
•Centres around state-of-the-art microprocessor with
built-in PROM storing the software code which cannot
be retrieved or altered
•Reliable, robust and error free software
•Legacy software with machine codes used to preserve
integrity and security
•Double redundant resilient memory storage for securely
retaining data without a need for a backup battery
•User friendly operation sequence
•Portable and easy to operate
•Custom made to fit into the existing pattern

10. EVM – Technology Features
•Provision is made on all the sub-units for sealing to
ensure that the units are not tampered with
•Each EVM can cater to a maximum of 64 candidates
with 4 Ballot Units cascaded
•The EVM can be used for conducting “TWO”
simultaneous polls.
•EVMs to conduct up to “FOUR” or “MORE”
simultaneous polls to suit the electoral systems of
other countries are developed and demonstration
models available

11. Control Unit
Interconnecting Cable
Ballot Unit
Sub-Units of EVM

12. Ballot Unit - Details
Ready Lamp
Slide Switch Window
Candidate’s Button
Candidate’s Lamp
Ballot Paper Screen

13. Ballot Unit - Internal parts
Slide Switch
Candidate’s Button
Masking Tab
Ready Lamp

14. Control Unit
ON Lamp
Busy Lamp
Display Section
Candidate Set Section
Result Section
Ballot Section
Ballot Button
Total Button

15. Control Unit - View of Bottom
Compartment
Power Switch
Bottom Compartment
Cover
Connector for
Interconnecting Cable
Connector for
Auxiliary Unit

16. Control Unit - Display Section
4-Digit
Display Panel
ON Lamp
2-Digit
Display Panel
Busy Lamp

17. Control Unit - Candidate Set Section
Provision for
thread seal
Latch
Plug for
power pack
Candidate set
button
Candidate set section
inner door
Candidate set section
outer door
Provision for
Thread seal
Power pack
compartment

18. Control Unit - Result Section
Result I
button
Inner
latches
Frames for
Paper seal
Clear button
Result II
button
Close
button

19. Control Unit - Ballot Section
Total button
Ballot button

20. Polling
•The voter is identified from the voters list and
records his presence by a signature or thumb
impression
•The Presiding Officer presses the “Ballot” button on
the Control Unit permitting one vote
•The voter then proceeds to the polling cubicle and
after perusing the ballot paper on the Ballot Unit,
presses the key against the candidate of his choice

21. Polling
•A red lamp glows indicating to the voter that his vote
has been cast in favour of that candidate
•The casting of the vote results in a beep in the
Control Unit indicating to the Presiding Officer that a
vote has been cast
•He then proceeds to release another vote by
pressing the “Ballot” button and the process
continues

22. Closing
•The cap on the “Close
Button” is removed and
the button pressed
•The cap is then
replaced
•The unit is then
switched “Off” and the
interconnecting cable
disconnected

23. Counting & Results
•The Power pack /
Battery is checked for
health by pressing the
TOTAL Button
•After getting ready to
note down the result, the
green paper seal over
RESULT-1 Button is
pierced and RESULT-1
Button is pressed.

24. Counting & Results
•The “RESULT-1” button is pressed to display the
results
•The results are then noted.

25. CAND. SET
CLEAR
BALLOT
RESULT-1
SEQUENCE OF OPERATION OF BUTTONS
ELECTRONIC VOTING MACHINE
CLOSE

26. Advantages
•Modernises the election process
•User friendly – can be used even by illiterates
•Simple to operate and can be installed in a short time
•Preserves voting secrecy
•No scope for invalid votes
•Facilitates quick and accurate counting – possible to
declare results instantaneously
•Re-usable by simply erasing votes recorded in earlier
poll

27. Advantages
•Huge expenditure involved in printing, storing
and transportation and security of ballot
paper can be avoided
•Lowers operating costs
•Easier to manage with less demand on man-
power
•Provision can be made to connect to a
“CENTRAL STATION” to consolidate and
display / record the results countrywide

28. Statistics of Interest
•Around one million machines
deployed during Lok Sabha,
2004 polls
•Low failure rate
•Costs around US $ 300
•Estimated saving on the
switchover to EVM is Approx
US $ 40 million
•Political Parties and
Intelligentsia who initially
were skeptical now endorse
the machine for its veracity
EVM being demonstrated to voters before
the recent elections held in the state of
Jammu & Kashmir

29. Thank You