Functioning of computer

what is computer ?
How its work?
DIFFRENT TYPES OF MEMORY

1. Functioning of computer Name:- Sunipa Bera.

2. Introduction Computer A computer is an electronic device that can perform a variety of operations in accordance with a set of instruction s called programs .

3. Data vs. Information Data Information Data in computer terminology mean raw facts and figures. Information data aggregated and summarized in various meaningful ways to form information. Data are processed to form information Information are processed to form meaningful data. For e.g. A, 1, Aachal, 2016,class. For e.g. In 2016 Aachal was topper of our class. Note Data are raw facts whereas information is meaningful data

4. Functioning of computer Input Process Output Thing(s) to work upon The actual work taking place The result Making Batter for the cake Putting it in oven Icing the cake Note Every task follows this Input- Process- Output cycle (IPO cycle in short)

5. Functional Components of a Computer Input Unit Central processing Unit (CPU) Output Unit Main Memory

6. Input Unit The input unit is formed by the input devices attached to the computer. Example of input device an medias are: Keyboard, mouse, Magnetic ink Charter reader (MICR), Optical mark Reader (OMR), Optical Charter Reader (OCR), joystick, etc.

7. Output Unit The output unit is formed by the output devices attached to the computer. Examples of output units devices are: monitors, printer, plotter, speakers, etc.

8. Central Processing Unit (CPU) The CPU unit is the control center for the computer. The CPU has components which are responsible for different functions. -Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)- The ALU performs all the four arithmetical (+,-,*,/) and some logical (<,>,=,<=,>=,< >) operations. -Control Unit (CU)- The CU controls and guides the interpretation, flow and manipulation of all data and information. -Memory Unit (MU)- The MU is the data can be stored in the storage unit that in which storage capacity is expressed in the bytes.

9. Memory Memory of computer can be thought of as ‘cells’. Each of these cells is broken down into smaller parts called bits. A bit is a binary digit . i.e. either 0 or 1. A bit is an elementary unit of memory . Eight bits together from a byte . One byte is the smallest unit which can represent a data character. Others unit of memory are KB, MB, GB, TB, etc.

10. Unit Short Name Full Name 1 bit Bit Binary Digit 8 Bits 1 Byte Byte 1O24 Bytes 1 KB Kilo Byte 1024 KB 1 MB Mega Byte 1024 MB 1 GB Giga Byte 1024 GB 1 TB Terra Byte 1024 TB 1 PB Peta Byte 1024 PB 1 EB Exa Byte 1024 EB 1 ZB Zetta Byte 1024 ZB 1 YB Yotta Byte 1024 YB 1 Bronto Byte Bronto Byte 1024 Bronto Bytes 1 Geop Byte Geop Byte Memory’s of Computer

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