FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF PRESCRIBING OM VERMA 2024.pdf

OM VERMA
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
GRACIOUS COLLEGE OF NURSING RAIPUR CG

1. GRACIOUS COLLEGE OF NURSING
RAIPUR C.G
FOUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF PRESCRIBING
PRESENTED BY
OM VERMA
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR

11. •LEGAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES RELATED TO
PRESCRIBING
•Informed Consent:Ensuring patients are fully
informed about the prescribed medications,
includingpotentialrisksandsideeffects,toobtain
theirconsent.
•
Confidentiality
:
Safeguarding
patient
information
•
Confidentiality
:
Safeguarding
patient
information
and maintaining confidentiality in prescribing
practices.
•Competency :Prescribing within the scope of
one's professional competence and staying
updatedonrelevantmedicalknowledge.

12. •Avoiding Bias: Ensuring prescriptions are based on
medical need rather than personal or financial
considerations.
•Off-Label Prescribing:Addressing the ethical
implicationsofprescribingmedicationsforusesnot
approvedbyregulatoryauthorities.
•
Patient
Autonomy
:
Respecting
patients'
autonomy
in
•
Patient
Autonomy
:
Respecting
patients'
autonomy
in
making decisions about their healthcare, including
the choice to accept or refuse prescribed
medications.
•Cultural Competence:Considering cultural factors
that may influence medication adherence and
tailoringprescriptionsaccordingly.

13. •Pain Management and Opioid Prescribing:
Balancingtheneedforeffectivepainmanagement
with the potential risks of opioid misuse and
addiction.
•PediatricandGeriatricConsiderations:Adheringto
specialized guidelines for prescribing in vulnerable
populationssuchaschildrenandtheelderly.
•
Collaboration
and
Communication
:
Maintaining
•
Collaboration
and
Communication
:
Maintaining
effective communication with other healthcare
professionalsinvolvedinapatient'scaretoensure
coordinatedandethicalprescribingpractices.
•Avoiding Polypharmacy:Minimizing the risk of
adverse drug interactions and complications
associatedwithprescribingmultiplemedications.

14. •Financial Considerations:Being mindful of the
economic impact of prescribed medications on
patients and considering cost-effective
alternativeswhenappropriate.
•Emergency Situations:Navigating ethical
dilemmas in emergency situations, where
immediate treatment may be necessary but
detailed
patient
history
may
be
limited
.
detailed
patient
history
may
be
limited
.
•Self-Prescribing:Avoiding the ethical pitfalls
associated with prescribing medications for
oneselforclosefamilymembers.
•E-prescribing Security:Ensuring the secure and
ethical use of electronic prescribing systems to
protectpatientinformation.

15. •Duty to Report:Understanding obligations to
report adverse events, medication errors, or
unethicalpracticestoappropriateauthorities.
•Continuing Education:Committing to ongoing
professionaldevelopmenttostayinformedabout
new medications, treatment modalities, and
ethicalconsiderationsinprescribing.
•
Drug
Rep
Influence
:
Managing
potential
conflicts
•
Drug
Rep
Influence
:
Managing
potential
conflicts
ofinterestthatmayarisefrominteractionswith
pharmaceuticalrepresentatives.
•Placebo Use:Addressing the ethical
considerations of using placebos in certain
situations and ensuring transparency with
patients

17. •PRINCIPLES OF PRESCRIBING
•PatientAssessment:Conductathoroughpatient
assessment, considering medical history, current
medications,allergies,andlifestylefactors.
•Diagnosis:Accurately diagnose the medical
condition or symptom that requires treatment.
Individualization
:
Tailor
prescriptions
to
the
Individualization
:
Tailor
prescriptions
to
the
individual patient, considering age, weight, co-
morbidities{Noofdisease},andotherfactors.
•Evidence-BasedPractice:Relyoncurrentevidence
and clinical guidelines to inform prescribing
decisions.

18. •Safety:Prioritizepatientsafetybybeingawareof
potential drug interactions, contraindications,
andsideeffects.
•Efficacy:Choose medications based on their
proven efficacy for the specific condition being
treated.
•StartLow,GoSlow:Initiatetreatmentwiththe
lowest
effective
dose
and
titrate
slowly
to
achieve
lowest
effective
dose
and
titrate
slowly
to
achieve
the desired therapeutic effect while minimizing
sideeffects.
•Monitoring:Establishaplanformonitoringthe
patient's response to medication, including
regular follow-ups and appropriate laboratory
tests.

19. •Patient Education:Provide clear and comprehensive
information to the patient about the prescribed
medication, including dosage, administration, potential
sideeffects,andtheimportanceofadherence.
•Consideration of Cost:Take into account the financial
aspect of prescriptions and discuss affordable
alternativeswithpatientswhennecessary..
•
Review
and
Reassess
:
Periodically
review
the
patient's
•
Review
and
Reassess
:
Periodically
review
the
patient's
progress,reassesstheongoingneedformedication,and
makeadjustmentsasneeded.
•Polypharmacy Awareness:Be cautious about
prescribing multiple medications(polypharmacy),
considering the potential for interactions an adverse
effects.

20. •Non-Pharmacological Approaches: Consider non-
pharmacological interventions when appropriate,
such as lifestyle modifications, physical therapy,
or behavioral interventions.
•Prescribing Guidelines: Adhere to national and
local prescribing guidelines, staying informed
about updates and changes.
•
Legal
and Ethical Considerations
:
Prescribe
•
Legal
and Ethical Considerations
:
Prescribe
within the legal and ethical boundaries, taking
into account patient autonomy, confidentiality,
and informed consent.
•Communication: Foster open communication
with patients, addressing concerns and ensuring
understanding of the prescribed treatment plan.

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