Fundamentals of Communication and Its Dimensions.pptx

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1. Fundamentals of Communication

2. Effective communication is crucial for the success of individuals as well as organizations. The most important thing to remember is that the message that you intend to communicate is likely to be misunderstood. Stay alert for any signs that your audience are mis-interpreting it.

3. The Basic Forms of Communication Non-verbal communication is a primitive form of communication that does not involve the use of words. (gestures, cues, vocal qualities, spatial relationships etc. ) It is commonly used to express emotions like respect, love, dislike, unpleasantness, etc. Non-verbal communication is less structured compared to its verbal counterpart and is most often spontaneous. As it is not planned, it is sometimes considered more reliable than verbal communication, as it reflects the communicator’s true feelings.

4. 2 . Verbal communication involves the arrangement of words in a structured and meaningful manner , adhering to the rules of grammar. The message is then conveyed to the audience in either spoken or written form. Speaking and Writing effective verbal communication involves the use of both speech and writing to transmit a message. While oral communication is more effective in reaching a focused target audience, as it involves interaction and additional non-verbal cues to augment the speech. written communication is necessary for reaching a large number of scattered recipients.

5. Barriers to Communication The process of communication is susceptible to many barriers. These can be categorized into problems caused by the sender , problems in message transmission , problems in reception , and problems in receiver comprehension.

6. Dealing with Communication Barriers Know your subject Focus on the purpose Know your audience Be organized.

7. Dimensions of Communication

8. Four Pairs of Dimension Verbal/Nonverbal Dimensions Oral and Written Formal and Informal Intentional and Unintentional

9. Four Pairs of Dimension Verbal/Nonverbal Dimensions verbal and non-verbal dimensions must be used together to clearly impart the message. A misunderstanding may happen when words contradict actions. Ex. A politician may say that he is a man of the people but then refuses to shake hands with them.

10. Four Pairs of Dimension 2. Oral/Written Dimensions Oral dimensions impart the message following the principles of delivery. Written dimension takes care of putting down the words.

11. Four Pairs of Dimension 3. Formal/Informal Dimensions The formal dimensions means the meticulous observation of appropriateness in dress, language, and setting. The informal dimensions uses more casual approach with no regard for the formalities.

12. Four Pairs of Dimension 4. Intentional/Unintentional Dimensions It relies on the fact that Messages always have a purpose. Intentional communication means that one person is sending a message to another person in a purposeful way. Unintentional communication is always non-verbal; it often comes in forms that are demonstrated unconsciously (e.g., physical posture, tone of voice, behavior, et cetera).

13. Assignment: Recall a misunderstanding, a quarrel or a fight between you and another person (friend, sibling, parent, or relative). Analyzed why it happened and what caused it by looking at the Dimension(s) of Communication that was(were) not properly understood. Then recall how the problem was resolved.

14. THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURE ON THE DIMENSIONS OF COMMUNICATION

15. 1. Verbal/Non-verbal Dimensions It refers to the awareness of appreciation of different cultures, beliefs and values. It’s about respecting and understanding those that are different from your own. In Western society, avoiding looking at people in the eye or looking down or around while talking to them often means that one is not telling the truth or is hiding something. Example: A Filipino applicant vs. American employer

16. 2. Oral/ Written Dimensions This dimensions involves understanding and respecting cultural differences in communication styes. Speaking: tone of voice, directness, taboos, and non-verbal cues. Writing: Style and format, directness, taboos, language use. Example: Saying grateful to someone but your facebook post says otherwise. Philippines – more wordy in writing and uses highfalutin and polysyllabic. Western- more direct and uses simpler letters.

17. 3. Formal/Informal Dimensions This dimensions involves understanding and adapting your communication style to fit the specific cultural context and formality of the situation. Formal dimension: Addressing people appropriately, Obey etiquette rules, Using appropriate language, Respecting hierarchy. Ex. In many Asian cultures, It’s considered polite to address older or more senior individuals with honorific titles. Informal dimension: understanding humor and sarcasm, respecting personal space, adapting to social norms, avoiding sensitive topics. Ex. In some cultures, it’s considered to discuss personal or sensitive topics with someone you don’t know well.

18. 4. Intentional/ Unintenional Dimensions Intentional : involves a conscious effort to be aware of and respect cultural differences . Example: Philippines Vs. Western Countries. Unintentional: occurs when someone unintentionally acts that is sensitive of offensive to other culture due to lack of awareness. Example: A person making a joke about a cultural tradition that is considered sacred to another group.

19. Explaining Non-Verbal Miscommunication

20. 1. Paralinguistics – refers to the vocal aspects of speech, such as tone, pitch, and volume. - the “how” of saying something. - tones or voices must match the content of the message . Ex. Saying “I love you” with an angry tone is a contradictory message. Asians are thought of as being accommodating and conciliatory because of their paralanguage.

21. 2. Artifacts – the use of objects to communicate meaning. Ex. Sending flowers before and now. Hawaii’s State flower is the plumeria otherwise known as kalachuchi in the Philippines. Many Filipinos may not feel welcomed in Hawaii at all by a lie made of plumerias because kalachuchi has a disagreeable smell to Filipinos. Italians send chrysanthemums for special occasions, but Filipinos generally see them in funeral arrangements.

22. 3. Language of colors – the use of colors based on the meaning of each color. Ex. Hospitals : blue rooms for baby boys ,while pink rooms for baby girls. Disturbed or violent people with mental problems are confined in rooms painted with a tinge of pink, a color which is said to calm them. In Thailand, only the King can wear yellow. While tourists who dare to wear the royal color are punished.

23. 4. Language of time (Chronemics) – the use of time based on position or power. Filipinos tend to see time as elastic “Filipino time”, while in West countries the time is always exact and to the point. “ Their time is more important than that of the visitor who make them wait.” usually used by someone with authority. When Europeans have to meet someone (for personal or business reasons), they will only 5 minutes beyond the appointment time. Filipinos will wait for someone to arrive for as long as an hour or more.

24. 5. Language of Space (Proxemics) – the use of space to show importance. - It provides us with ideas about how close or how far people are from the center of power or where a person is in the social ladder.

25. 6. Language of touch (Haptics) – the use of touch to express what cannot be said. touch can comfort touch can aggravate touch can encourage touch can dissuade Filipinos like many Latin Nationals, are always touching but without embarrassment. However, in Indonesia, no one pats the top of a child’s head. They believe that this is where the spirit of a child resides.

26. 7.Language of gestures (kinesics) Emphasizing – are gestures that we want to highlight. “YES!” (first pounding the table) Regulating – are gestures used to control the flow of communication. “shh” (forefinger in front of lips) Illustrating – are gestures used to show size, height, distance. “this large” (hands set apart) Emblems – are gestures associated with specific meanings. clenched first upraised, pointing a finger to ones head. Greeks and other Europeans do not wave goodbye with the palm of the hand facing forward like the Queen of England makes a half wave, known as the royal wave.

27. 8. Facial Expression – the configuration of eyes, eyebrows, lips, cheeks, nose, and forehead to show how the person feels. Oculesics – The study of the eyes and eye behavior. Filipinos – for greetings usually kiss one (1) cheek. Latin Countries- they kiss the cheek two (2) times Dutch and Swedes – kiss the cheek three (3) times (R-L-R cheek) Moroccans and Croatians – kiss the cheeks four times.

28. 9. Posture and personal appearance (Physical Appearance)- the way one carries and dresses oneself. Ex. In Formal Communicative Situations, being appropriately dressed shows the Speaker’s readiness and ability to deliver the Message. Being dressed well also adds to one’s self-confidence.

29. 10. Silence – The absence of verbal communication. Express agreement or understanding. a brief pause after the statement. Create suspense or anticipation. a pause can build suspense or anticipation making the following information more impactful. Show respect or deference. allowing the other person to speak first or finish their thought. Contemplate or reflect. allowing the speaker or listener to process information. Express discomfort or disagreement.

30. Thank You!