fundamentals-of-Information System PPTSS

Fundamentals of IS

1. What is the difference between Information system and information technology?

2. FUNDAMENTALS OF INFORMATION SYSTEM

3. Do you believe that “ INFORMATION is POWER” ?

4. Data, information and knowledge Data : Raw facts Information : Collection of facts organized in such a way that they have additional value beyond the value of the facts themselves

5. Data and information work the same way. Rules and relationships can be set up to organize data into useful, valuable information. Data, information and knowledge

6. Process : Set of logically related tasks performed to achieve a defined outcome Knowledge : Awareness and understanding of a set of information Data, information and knowledge

7. Data, information and knowledge Knowledge Workers (KWs) are people who create, use, and disseminate knowledge and are usually professionals in science, engineering, business, and other areas. K nowledge Management System (KMS) is an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to create, store, and use the organization’s knowledge and experience.

8. The Characteristics of Valuable Information Accessible - Information should be easily accessible. Accurate - Accurate information is error free. Complete - Complete information contains all the important facts. Economical - Information should also be relatively economical to produce. Flexible - Flexible information can be used for a variety of purposes. Adequacy: (Sufficiency) - Adequacy means information must be sufficient in quantity.

9. The Characteristics of Valuable Information Relevant - Relevant information is important to the decision maker. Reliable - Reliable information can be trusted by users. Secure - Information should be secure from access by unauthorized users. Simple - Information should be simple, not overly complex. Sophisticated and detailed information might not be needed. Timely - Timely information is delivered when it is needed. Verifiable - Information should be verifiable. This means that you can check it to make sure it is correct.

10. The Characteristics of Valuable Information If information is not accurate or complete People can make poor decisions, costing thousands, or even millions, of dollars. If information is not relevant, not delivered to decision makers in a timely fashion, or too complex to understand Information can be of little value to the organization

11. The Value of Information Valuable Information Can help people and their organizations perform tasks more efficiently and effectively Can help managers decide whether to invest in additional information systems and technology.

12. What is Information system? An information system (IS) can be defined technically as a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making and control in an organization. Is a set of interrelated elements or components that collect (input), manipulate (process), store, and disseminate (output) data and information and provide a corrective reaction (feedback mechanism) to meet an objective System is a group of interrelated component working together toward a common goal by accepting inputs and producing output in an organized transformation process Systems are interrelated components working together to collect, process, store, and disseminate information to support decision making, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization in an organization.”

13. System concept

14. Input, Processing, Output, Feedback Input – Gathering and capturing raw data Processing – Converting or transforming data into useful outputs Output – Production of useful information, usually in the form of documents and reports Feedback – Output that is used to make changes to input or processing activities Forecasting - Predicting future events to avoid problems.

15. Feedback mechanism The component that helps organizations achieve their goals.

16. Different types of Information system

17. Management information system (MIS) These computerized systems collect, store, process and present data to support management decision-making. Different kinds of organizations and industries use different types of MISes . For example, an MIS in a hospital may collect data on patient admissions, treatments and outcomes to help administrators make decisions about resource allocation and process improvements.

18. Decision support system (DSS) A DSS enables users to explore and analyze data to gain insights into business performance and, accordingly, make data-driven decisions. For example, a retail chain may use a DSS to collect and analyze data on customer demographics, buying behavior and sales performance in order to guide changes in inventory management and marketing campaigns. A DSS is also known as a business intelligence (BI) system.

19. Knowledge work system (KWS) These systems provide useful insights for knowledge workers, such as researchers, analysts and consultants. For example, marketing analysts may use a KWS to analyze customer data and track the performance of marketing campaigns.

20. Executive information system (EIS) An EIS provides high-level information about the company's financial performance, market trends, competitive landscape and so on. It also provides analytical tools that enable senior executives to make strategic decisions based on the available information.