Fundamentals of Shaping machine .pptx

Fundamentals of Shaping machine .

1. Shaping / Slotting Machines

2. Introduction Shaping is a process of machining a flat surface which may be horizontal, vertical , inclined, concave or convex using a reciprocating single point tool . A shaping machine is a reciprocating type of machine tool.

3. Process of Machining The work is held firmly on the table and the ram is allowed to reciprocate over it. A single point cutting tool is attached to the ram. When the ram moves horizontally in the forward direction, the tool removes metal from the work. On the return stroke, metal is not removed . The ram moves at a slow speed during forward stroke. But during the forward and return stroke remain the same, the time taken by the return stroke is less as it is faster. It is possible by ‘Quick return mechanism’.

4. Main parts of Shaping Machine Base Column Cross rail Saddle Table Ram Tool head

5. Base The base is bottom most part and is made of cast iron . It provides the necessary support for all the other parts of the machine. It should rigid and massive. It is rigidly bolted to the floor of the workshop .

6. Column It is a box like casting mounted vertically on top of the base. Two accurate guideways are machined on the top of the column, The ram reciprocates on these guideways . The front face of the column is provided with two vertical guideways. They act as guideways for the cross rail. Cross rail moves vertically along these guideways . The column encloses the ram reciprocating mechanism and the mechanism for stroke length adjustment.

7. Cross rail It is mounted on the front vertical guideways of the column . The table may be raised or lowered by adjusting the cross rail vertically. A horizontal cross feed screw is fitted within the cross rail .

8. Saddle The saddle is mounted on the cross rail. It holds the table rigidity on its top. The saddle can be moved in crosswise direction , by holding the cross feed screw by hand or power.

9. Table It is an important part useful in holding the work firmly on it . The top and sides of the table are accurately machined and have T-slots. Work pieces are held on the table with the help of shaper vise, clamps and straps.

10. Ram Ram reciprocates on the accurately machined guideways on the top of the column. It is connected to the reciprocating mechanism placed inside the column. The position of ram reciprocation may be adjusted according to the location of the work on the table.

11. Tool Head The tool head is fitted on the face of the ram and hold the tool rigidly. It provides vertical and angular feed movement of the tool. The swivel tool head can be positioned at any required angle and the vertical slide can be moved vertically or at any desired angle to machine vertical or inclined surfaces.

12. Classification of Shapers

13. Quick return mechanism The ram moves at a comparatively slower speed during the forward cutting stroke. During the return stroke, the mechanism is so designed to make the tool move at a faster rate to reduce the idle return time. This mechanism is known as quick return mechanism .

14. Crank and Slotted link mechanism Hydraulic mechanism Whitworth mechanism

15. Shaper operations

16. Slotting Machine

17. Slotting machine is also called as slotter is a reciprocating type of machine similar to vertical shaper The work piece is held stationary and the ram moves vertically downward for cutting action Slotting machine is a heavy duty machine mainly designed to produce slots, complicated shapes, finishing if internal and external plain surfaces

18. The slotting machine is used for cutting grooves, keys, and slots of various shapes making regular and irregular surfaces both internal and external cutting internal and external gears and profiles The slotter machine can be used on any type of work where vertical tool movement is considered essential and advantageous.

19. Classification of slotting machine Different types of slotting machines are Puncher Slotting machine Tool room Slotting machine Production Slotting machine Key seater Slotting machine

20. Puncher Slotting Machine It is really rigid and heavy machine that has been designed for removing a large percentage of metal from castings and forgings.  The stroke length of the puncher slotter is sufficiently large . Stroke length = 1800 – 2000 mm Material removal rate per minute= 1.5 – 2 Kg

21. Tool Room Slotting M achine It is a lighter machine and is operated at high speed . It is made for very precise machining . This machine takes light cuts and gives accurate finishing. You can work at very high speeds .

22. Production Slotting M achine Its mainly used for general production work.  Production Slotter is a heavy-duty slotter consisting of a heavy cast base and heavy frame and is generally made in two parts. 

23. Key seater Slotting M achine The key seater slotter additionally recognized as key seating machines is a special type of slotter designed to cut keyways .

24. Specification of Slotting Machine Stroke length Distance between table and tool head Table size Bed Dimension Motor Horse power Cutting Speed of RAM per minute Overall Dimensions of machine

25. Main parts of Slotting Machine Base Column Cross rail Saddle Table Ram Tool head

26. Thank You….