fundamentals of textile science notes.pptx

explains the classifications of fibres and the different characteritics of fibres

1. CLASSIFICATION OF FIBRES

2. INTRODUCTION A fibre is a unit of matter which is capable of being spun into a yarn or made into a fabric by bonding or by interlacing in a variety of methods including weaving, knitting, braiding, felting, twisting, or webbing, and which is the basic structural element of textile products. Fibres can be divided into natural fibres and man- made .

3. ON THE BASIS OF ORIGIN ON THE BASIS OF LENGTH ON THE BASIS OF HEAT CONDUCTIVITY Classification of Fibres

4. Natural Fibres Vegetable Fibres Animal Fibres Mineral Fibres Man Made fibres Regenerated fibres Non- Cellulosic Polymer Fibres(Synthetic Fibres) Metallic fibres Mineral fibres Rubber fibres ON THE BASIS OF ORIGIN

5. Fiber classification Diagramatic representation

6. Silk is degraded more readily by acids than is wool hence can be weakened by persipiration .

7. Filaments fibres : are long continuous fibers e.g polyester, nylon. Silk is the only natural filament fiber. Staple Fibres : Staple fibers are short fibers. Most natural fibers are staples e.g are wool, cotton and jute. ON THE BASIS OF LENGTH

8. ON THE BASIS OF HEAT CONDUCTIVITY Thermoplastic fibres : are fibres that soften and become pliable when heated and harden again when cooled. When you apply heat, these fibres can be reshaped and molded, which is why they are often used in various applications where flexibility and adaptability are important e.g polyester, nylon, acrylics.

9. Cont’n Non-Thermoplastic fibres : these are set into a permanent shape when heated. Once they are hardened, they cannot be reshaped or reformed. This characteristic makes them very stable and resistant to high temperatures, but it also means they are less flexible compared to thermoplastic fibres e.g rayon, glass fiber.

10. PROPERTIES OF FIBRES Explain the different properties of fibres Length and Diameter of the fibre Strength Elasticity etc