Fungal infections

fungal infection and anti fungal drugs

1. FUNGAL INFECTIONS Presented by; Saurabh Negi B.Pharma 4 th year HIPR Dehradun

2. Introduction Infections disease caused by fungi also called mycoses Mycoses are the common and a variety of environmental and physiological condition can contribute to the development of fungal disease. Fungi are eukaryotes grows predominantly by budding ( yeast) or hyphae(moulds) Fungal infection are transmitted by spores or hyphae and normally enter the body through lungs or skin

3. Symptoms (A)Peeling of skin (b)cracking of skin (c) rashes (d) itching

4. TYPES OF FUNGAL INFECTION 1- SUPERFICIAL MYCOSES – Outer layer of skin ,nail and hair . eg. – Yeast (a) Non inflammatory (b) Inflammatory 2- SUBCUTANEOUS MYCOSES – Deeper layer of skin . 3- SYSTEMIC MYCOSES - mycoses result from breathing in the spores of fungi Respiratory tract ,vaginal yeast infection

5. Tinea pedis Also called athlete’s foot it is fungal infection of the foot Fungus grows moist or warm environment such as shoes socks swimming pools It causes peeling redness itching burning and sometime blisters sores

6. Tinea corporis Also called ringworm It is fungal infection of skin It appear everywhere of the body and appear as a red circular flat sore

7. Anti fungal drugs Those drugs which are used to treat fungal infections Anti fungal drugs are used for both superficial(topical) and systemic type of fungal infections

8. Classification 1 – Antibiotic (a) – Polyenes – Amphotericin Nystatin Hamycin (b) Echinocandins - Capsofungin Micafungin Anidulafungin (c) Heterocyclic benzofuran – Griseofulvin 2 – Antimetabolite – Flucytosine

9. 3 - Azoles (A) – Imidazoles (a) Topical – clotrimazole (b) Systemic - ketoconazole Econazole Oxiconazole (B) Triazoles (systemic) – fluconazole Itraconazole Voriconazole 4 – Allylamine - terbinafine 5 –Other topical agent - Benzoic acid Sod. Thiosulfate Butenafine

10. Amphoterecin

11. Griseofulvin Griseofulvin Intract with microtubules of mitotic spindle and with cytoplasmic microtubules Prevent spindle formation and mitosis in fungi Inhibit the growth of fungi

12. Mechanism of action – Imidazole & Triazoles Inhibit the fungal cytochrome P450 enzyme lanosterol 14-demethylase Impair with ergosterol synthesis Inhibit fungal cell

13. Mechanism of action – Terbinafine

14. Submitted to Minakshi Barmola (Asst. Prof. Pharmacology)