Gaba ppt

gaba neurotransmitter
function & mechanisms

1. GABA γ- Aminobutyric acid Aya Ali 431203717

2. Outline : GABA: Mechanism of action Synthesis. Receptors . Function . Deficiency. Disease related . Conclusion

3. GABA  GABA acts at inhibitory  synapse  in the  brain  by binding to specific transmembrane  receptor  in the plasma membrane  of both pre- and postsynaptic neuronal processes. It is most highly concentrated in the substantia nigra & globus pallidus nuclei of the basal ganglia, followed by the hypothalamus, the periaqueductal grey matter.  

4. Fig (1)

5. Mechanism of Action open chloride receptors-channels induce cellular hyperpolarisation by increasing intracellular concentration of chloride

6. S ynthesis of GABA

7. GABA exerts its effects via two types of receptors: GABA-A and GABA-B receptors GABA Receptor

8. GABA-A

9. GABA-B Activation of presynaptic GABA-B receptors decreases the release of GABA and of different transmitters. Activation of postsynaptic GABA-B receptors modulates the opening of potassium channels, which induces an intracellular potassium exit and consequently a membrane hyperpolarisation. 

10. GABA Function Relieving anxiety. Improving mood. Relieving premenstrual syndrome (PMS ). Regulating the release of sex hormones .

11. Treating attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Promoting lean muscle growth. Burning fat. Stabilizing blood pressure. Relieving pain . lower elevated blood sugar levels in diabetics. GABA Functions… cont

12. Deficiency of GABA It has been suggested that a shortage of GABA may cause panic attacks, since an intake of tranquilizers can increase the level of GABA in the body. GABA may also be effective in treating PMS in women.

13. Health problems can GABA Deficiency cause Insomnia D epression Mood disorders Excessive stress Hypertension Atherosclerosis Motion sickness low levels of digestive enzymes ADHD Epileptic seizures Panic disorders Bronchitis Growth hormone stimulation

14. Reference http:// www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/anatmd10.html#gaba http:// www.pharmacorama.com/en/Sections/Gaba.php

15. Conclusion GABA is an amino acid made in brain cells from glutamate. It functions as an inhibitory neurotransmitter, meaning it blocks nerve impulses. Without GABA, nerve cells fire too often and too easily.