Garden operations - contd 2.pptx horticulture applied component.

It is in continuation of the first one.

1. Garden Operations Dr.Kavita RAMBal cont. 2

2. Garden Operations First of all the grass and other plants that cover the garden site are to be removed using a spade/shovel/rake.

3. main steps in include Digging Preparing seed beds. Preparation of soil for (Gardens and Horticultural Plants) Sterilization Sowing Transplanting Seedlings Mulching Topdressing Blanching Watering &time of watering Weeding Hoeing

4. Digging Can be defined as to break up, turn, or loosen (earth) with an implement. Digging is carried out to prepare the soil for cultivation. Digging is also called primary cultivation. Grass and other plants that cover the garden site are to be removed first, using a spade and shovel/fork. It is one of the first and most important step. Source:Google Images

5. Digging Digging, also referred to as excavation is essential for the roots. It helps roots to find an easy way through soil. It also provides enough air and moisture to the plants. The main purpose is the fertile soil is brought back to the surface. Weeds do not germinate and also the soil gets aerated. If the soil condition is poor organic matter can be added at the same time as digging.

6. Digging Soil is dug up to a depth of 20 to30 centimeter by pushing a spade into the ground. Then with the help of shovel or fork the soil is broken up and turned over. All the clods of the soil are broken by hitting them with the back of fork or shovel. It is of two types: i ) Single Digging ii) Double Digging

7. Single Digging It is a systematic digging technique. depth of 1 spit (1 spade) Involves driving the instrument to the full length of the blade(1spit/1spade) into the soil, thus loosening it over. Another trench is made in front of the opening an d the soil is turned over to fill the first opening. Last trench is filled with the soil removed from the first trench. Weeds are removed along with manuring the soil simultaneously. Source:Google Images

8. Double Digging Also called bastard trenching,insteadof one pit with one spit, one pit with two spits is made.(one spit means length of the blade of the implement being used. Then the materials needed to improve the quality of the soil are added and the soil is left as such till planting. Just before sowing seeds/planting the soil is raked.

9. Seed Beds Seed beds can be defined as soil or a bed of soil prepared for planting seeds. A  seedbed  is an area of ground, usually with specially  prepared  soil, where young plants are grown from seed. Sheltered sunny conditions 3feet x 2feet or smaller as per requirement is chosen for making a bed. For vegetable crops beds 0.9m x1.2m are prepared with brick and mortar. For fruit crops beds are not prepared instead pits are dug.

10. Seed Beds If the soil is not good ,one foot of it is replaced by good soil. If the soil is good, it is dug up to a depth of about 15 inches, broken made fine and even raised 2to 3 inches above adjoining ground, for drainage or to prevent it from flooding. The top soil is well mixed with sand and leaf mould & levelled,to get the capillary action of soil particles. In order to settle the soil, it is watered some hours before sowing. cont

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