gastroenteritis.pptx

@medical_surgical_nursing
@pediatric_health_nursing

1. Definition A condition characterised by irritation and inflammation of the stomach and intestines. This causes diarhea, vomiting and nausea .

2. Causes Infectious agents. The infectious organisms may be salmonella, Escherichia coli, dysentery bacilli, and various viruses, most notably rotaviruses. Contaminated food. Many diarrheal disturbances in children are caused by contaminated food or human or animal fecal waste through the oral-fecal route. Unsanitary water and environment. This condition is prevalent in areas lacking adequate clean water and sanitary facilities. Antibiotic therapy. Diarrhea may also be caused by antibiotic therapy.

3. Nursing Diagnosis Risk for infection related to inadequate secondary defenses or insufficient knowledge to avoid exposure to pathogens. Impaired skin integrity related to constant presence of diarrheal stools. Deficient fluid volume related to diarrheal stools. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to malabsorption of nutrients. Hyperthermia related to dehydration. Risk for delayed development related to decreased sucking when infant is NPO.

4. Nursing Care Planning and Goals Main Article: 4 Gastroenteritis Nursing Care Plans The major goals for a child with acute gastroenteritis are: Control of diarrhea. Minimize the risk for infection. Maintain good skin condition. Improve hydration and nutritional intake. Satisfy sucking needs in the infant. Eliminate the risk of infection transmission.