Gastrointestinal tract System Disease.pptx

GI TRACT

1. BACTERIAL INFECTIONS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

2. BACTERIAL GASTRITIS Gastritis causes symptoms such as upper abdominal pain, nausea, heartburn, bloating, indigestion, and loss of appetite. Severe cases may result in vomiting, black stools, and fullness in the upper abdomen. Duodenal ulcers cause mild to moderate pain below the breastbone, an empty feeling, and hunger. Pain is felt when the stomach is empty and can be relieved by drinking milk, eating, or taking antacids. Gastric ulcers cause swelling in the tissues leading to the small intestine, blocking food passage from the stomach. Symptoms include pain, bloating, nausea, and vomiting after eating.

3. Patient Care: Standard precautions, including hand hygiene and proper disinfection practices Pathogens: Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) a spiral-shaped bacterium that colonizes the stomach lining and is the primary cause of bacterial gastritis. It has the ability to survive in the acidic environment of the stomach. Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is typically done through blood tests that measure blood sugar levels. Other tests may include a fasting blood sugar test, oral glucose tolerance test, or A1C test. RESERVOIRS: Standard precautions, including hand hygiene and proper disinfection practices

4. TRANSMISSION: through Ingestion (oral-oral or fecal-oral routes), often in childhood. Laboratory Diagnosis: by staining biopsy specimens, urea breath test, NH4 excretion test, molecular and immunodiagnostic procedures.