Gateway Drugs - and-Cigarettes-PPT-.pptx

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1. Prevention of substance use and abuse (gateway drugs; cigarettes and alcohol)

2. What are gateway drugs? Gateway drugs are habit forming substances that may not be addictive but may lead to the use of other addictive and dangerous drugs. Gateway drugs are usually inexpensive and readily available.

3. What substances considered gateway drugs? Alcohol and Cigarettes are considered as gateway drugs. The habitual use of these substances open the door to the use of other harder drugs such us cocaine, heroin, and others. Other types of gateway drugs are marijuana, inhalants, and some prescription drugs.

4. The repeated use of gateway drugs may encourage the user to experiment with other drugs. On the other hand, taking drugs (i.e., Medicine)without a doctors prescription is prohibited or illegal and may result to negative effects in the body.

5. cigarettes

6. What is cigarettes? Cigarettes is a cylindrical rolled paper containing dried and shredded tobacco leaves. It is ignited at one end and puffed at the other end. Its main component is nicotine, a stimulant that is highly addictive. Cigarette also contains approximately 600 other ingredients. The smoke coming from it contains more than 7, 000 chemicals, 69 of which are carcinogenic or cancer- causing substances.

7. The following are some of the reasons why people are tempted or enticed to smoke: PEER PRESSURE- people who have friends or peers who smoke may feel pressured into doing the same to be accepted. REMOVING PROBLEMS OR TENSIONS- the need to temporarily escape from life’s burden is the cause of some for using drugs. PARENTAL INFLUENCE- those who have parents or guardians who smoke are more likely to start smoking. ADVERTISING AND MEDIA- advertisements of cigarettes portray smoking as exciting, glamorous, and safe. Movies and television shows have scenes showing smoking actors.

8. SELF MEDICATION- Some people experience a heightened sense of well-being from smoking and use it to self- medicate for illnesses that cause tension and pain. STRESS RELIEF- Some people smoke to manage tension and relieve stress from family or from work. WEIGHT CONTROL- Smoking causes loss of appetite and eventually loss of weight. TO FEEL MATURE AND SOPHISTICATED- Since teens see older people smoke, especially their parents and relatives, they too start smoking to look and act older. RISK TAKING BEHAVIOR- Since it is illegal for minors to purchase cigarettes and smoking is generally frowned upon, breaking these rules give thrill to some people.

9. For your information, Every day, about 4,00 teenagers below 18 try their first cigarette. Twenty five percent (25%) of them become daily smokers. Approximately 1.5 million packs of cigarettes are purchased for minors daily. On average, smokers die 13 to 14 year earlier than nonsmokers. About 30% of teen smokers will continue smoking and die early from a smoking-related illness.

10. The table below provides some of the chemicals found in cigarettes and their effects on our health. CHEMICAL IN CIGARETTE DESCRIPTION EFFECTS Nicotine (also found in bugs sprays) - It is chemical compound found in tobacco which is a potent stimulant. - Reaches the brain 10 to 15 seconds after inhalation; leads to vomiting, seizures, depression of the central nervous system, growth retardation; undermines a fetus proper development. Carbon monoxide (also found in car exhaust) - It is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless poisonous gas. - Decrease muscle and heart function; causes fatigue, weakness and dizziness; leads to coma and death if inhaled in enough amount. Tar ( also used to make roads) - It is a condensable residue present in smoke - With cancer- causing chemicals, 70% of it remains in the lungs. Ammonia ( also found in cleaning products) - A colorless inorganic compound composed of nitrogen and hydrogen, usually in gaseous from and pungent odor - Causes asthma; raises blood pressure

11. CHEMICAL IN CIGARETTE DESCRIPTION EFFECTS Formaldehyde ( also used to preserve dead bodies) - It is a colorless, flammable gas with strong odor. - Causes nasal cancer; damage the digestive system, skin and lungs Hydrogen cyanide ( also used in gas chamber poison) -it is a colorless, highly poisonous chemical compound - Causes headache, dizziness, vomiting, irregular heartbeat, seizures, and even rapid death. Acetone ( also found in nail polish remover) - It is a colorless flammable organic solvent. - Irritates the eyes, nose, and throat; damage liver and kidneys Cadmium ( used in batteries) - It is a toxic heavy mental. - Carcinogen; damage the brain, kidneys and liver

12. WHAT ARE THE SHORT AND THE LONG TERM EFFECTS OF SMOKING?

13. IMPACTS OF CIGARETTE SMOKING ON THE FAMILY, ENVIRONMENT AND COMMUNITY?

14. FAMILY If you choose to smoke, you are not only risking your health but the health of your family as well. They may not be smoking cigarettes but you are giving them more danger because of the second hand smoke that they inhale from you. This explains why family members may get sick due to smoking even if they are nonsmokers.

15. ENVIRONMENT SMOKING HAS DESTRUCTIVE EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT WHICH INCLUDE: Air pollution Littering caused by cigarettes butts Death of aquatic organisms through ingestions of cigarettes butts Fires caused by discarded lighted cigarettes

16. COMMUNITY Smoking in public places in your community exposes the nonsmokers, especially the infants and children, to the harmful effects of second-hand and third-hand smoke. As a member of the community, it is your civic duty to be responsible for the health of other members of the community.