GBE- International Economic Institutions.pptx

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1. HARANAHALLI RAMASWAMY INSTITUTE OF HIGHER EDUCATION, HASSAN. Presentation On “ International Economic Institution and Agreement ” PRESENTED BY, PRESENTED TO, KAVANA.H.S Mrs.SANHITHA.S.N 1 ST MBA Assistant Professor HRIHE, HASSAN. Department Of MBA HRIHE, HASSAN.

2. “International Economic Institution and Agreement”

3. Introduction: Definition: International economic institutions are organizations established by countries to promote economic cooperation, facilitate trade and ensure financial stability on a global level. Examples: WTO, IMF and World Bank. Importance in the Global business landscape: International economic institutions are vital in the global business landscape as they facilitate trade, ensure financial stability, promote standardized regulations, resolve disputes and address global challenges. These roles essential for maintaining a stable and interconnected economy.

4. Major International Economic Institutions: World Trade Organization – Promote trade liberalization, Administer trade agreements, Monitor trade policies, Facilitate negotiations. International Monetary Fund – Financial stability, Policy guidance, Capacity development, Global cooperation. World bank – Focus on development and poverty reduction.

5. Regional Economic Institutions: European Union- A political and economic union that facilitates free trade, common policies, and economic collaboration among European countries. Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)- Promotes regional cooperation and economic integration among Southeast Asian nations, enhancing trade and investment. Mercosur – A South American trade that promotes free trade and economic integration among its member countries including Argentina and Brazil. African Union(AU)- Focuses on promoting economic development and integration across Africa, addressing political and social issues to enhance regional stability.

6. Key International Agreements: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade(GATT)- Historical context: 1. Post war recovery: After WWII, countries sought to rebuild their economies. GATT aimed to nurture cooperation and create a more stable trading environment. 2. Initial membership: GATT started with 23 countries, focusing on reducing tariffs and expanding trade through a series of negotiation rounds. Impact on Trade: *Tariffs reductions *Trade liberalization *Development of trade rules

7. Trade Agreements- Objectives : Market Access Economic growth Job creation Standardization Political Relations Economic Implications: Increased trade volume Competitiveness Sectoral shifts Consumer benefits Trade deficits

8. Bilateral Investments(BITs)- BITs are agreements between two countries that establish the terms and conditions for private investment by individuals and companies from one country in the other. Objectives: Protection of investments Encouragement of Foreign Direct Investment(FDI) Dispute Resolution

9. Impact on Global Business Environment: Increased Trade Opportunities Stability and Predictability Enhanced Competition Foreign Direct Investment Impact on Local Markets

10. Challenges facing International Economic Institutions: Economic Inequality Regulatory Complexity Technological change Environmental concerns Changing Economic Dynamics COVID-19 Impact

11. Future Trends: Digital Trade Expansion Regional Trade Agreements Increased Role of Emerging Economies Health and Pandemic Preparedness Focus on Resilience and Supply Chains

12. Conclusion: International economic institutions and agreements are evolving to address modern challenges like digital trade, sustainability and global health. Future trends will prioritize adaptability to technological changes and the strengthening of dispute resolution mechanisms to enhance cooperation and stability.

13. THANK YOU