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1. GENDER AND
SOCIETY
REYSCIELLE CASUYON-ABAYAN

2. This course intends to develop students’ critical
thinking on the sociological experience of sex,
sexuality, gender and how these categories are
constituted by beliefs and social institutions.
Students are expected to survey sociological
studies of gendered interactions and explore the
value of sociological methods for understanding
transforming gendered norms.
COURSE
DESCRIPTION

3. a grouping of individuals, that is characterized by
common interests and may have distinctive cultures
and institutions. (New World Encyclopedia)
human beings are essentially social creatures, with the
desire and need to be in close contact with others.
SOCIETY

4. Origin of Society
•societe – French word which emerged on 15th
century.
•societas – Latin word means “friendly association
with others”
•socius – Latin word means “companion, associate or
business partner”.

5. Nature of Society
Society consists of people.
Social relationships.
Mutual interaction and mutual
awareness.
Society depends on likeness.
Society rests on differences
too.

Cooperation.
Conflict.
Society implies
interdependence.
Society is dynamic.
Social control and norms.

6. Types of Society
Gerhard Lenski, a sociologist, differentiates societies into
four levels based on their level of technology, communication
and economy.
hunters and gatherers;
simple agricultural;
advanced agricultural; and
industrial

7. THE DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN SEX
AND GENDER

8. Sex and Gender
Actions
Job
Looks
Lives
Laws
Values etc.
-two essential yet underrated parts of human life.
It affects:

9. A. Sex and Gender
• Sex – refers to the biological characteristics distinguishing
male and female.
• Gender – refers to those social, cultural and psychological
traits linked to males through particular social contexts.

10. FOUR DIFFERENT TYPES OF
GENDERS THAT APPLY TO
LIVING AND NONLIVING OBJECTS

Masculine gender - used to denote a male subtype.
Feminine gender – used to denote the female subtype.
Neuter gender – used to denote nonliving and lifeless things.
Neuter means neither, which is neither male nor female.
Common gender - denotes either male or female sex.

12. is an individual’s self-conception of being male or female
based on his or her association with masculine or
feminine gender roles.
Gender Identity

13. Many people identify as cisgender; this means that you
believe your biological sex, or the one you were assigned
at birth, corresponds to your gender identity or how you
perceive yourself.
It is a common gender in society, but it should not be
assumed.
Cisgender / Gender
Binary

14. An Agender person does not have a gender.
An Agender (or neutrois, gender neutral, or genderless) –
someone who has little or no personal connection with
gender.
Agender

15. A genderfluid person does not identify as male or female
but rather as one or the other depending on the day. This
refers to being flexible with one's gender expression,
which is distinct from one's gender identity.
Gender expression refers to a person's physical
characteristics, behaviors, and appearance that are
associated with masculinity or femininity.
Genderfluid

16. This person may identify as male or female, as between
or beyond genders, or as a mix of the two.
These people frequently question gender stereotypes and
the male-female binary system. They frequently exhibit
gender fluidity.
Genderqueer is another term for someone open about
their sexual orientation. They may or may not identify as
heterosexual or same-gender-loving.
Genderqueer

17. someone who identifies with both male and female genders, or
even a third gender.
before its use in the LGBQT community, bigender was an early
20th-century biological term for plants that possess both male
and female reproductive parts.
Bigender

18. someone whose identity is between genders and/or a
combination of gender identities and expressions.
As an identity, intergender can be considered to be
between male and female, or to be a combination of the
two. Intergender people may also identify as nonbinary,
genderqueer and/or transgender.
Intergender

19. someone whose identity is comprised of all or many
gender identities and expressions.
Individuals whose gender identity and/or gender
expression is numerous, either fixed (many at once) or
fluid (moving from one to another, often more than two).
Pangender

20. Transgender is an umbrella term for people whose
gender identity differs from the one assigned to their
physical sex. It includes transmen, transwomen,
genderqueer people, crossdressers, and drag
queens/kings, among others.
In general, it refers to anyone whose behavior or identity
deviates from gender stereotypes.
Transgender (trans man, trans woman,
or trans person):

21. determines how one expresses his or her sexuality
through actions or manner of presenting oneself.
Clothes
Names
Voices
Gender Expression

22. Gender roles in society mean how we're expected to act,
speak, dress, groom, and conduct ourselves based on our
assigned sex.
Gender Role

23. it is the qualities and characteristics which are associated
with a man.
the term 'masculinity' refers to the roles, behaviors and
attributes that are considered appropriate for boys and
men in each society. Masculinity is constructed and
defined socially, historically and politically, rather than
being biologically driven.
Masculinity

24. the quality, state, or degree of being feminine or
womanly. challenging traditional notions about femininity
and masculinity.
Femininity

25. Traditional - view the man as a "pro-creator, a protector, and a provider,"
and the woman as "pretty and polite but not too aggressive, not too
outspoken and not too smart.“
Transitional - A typical transitional attitude toward gender roles is that it is
acceptable for women to devote energy to both work and family domains,
but women should hold proportionally more responsibility for the home, and
men should focus proportionally more of their energy on work.
Egalitarian - Moreover, egalitarian gender roles refer to the idea that
individuals should have access to the same rights and opportunities
irrespective of their sex, and should be treated according to the same
principles, norms, and standards.
Types of Gender Role

26. is about your sexual feelings, thoughts, attractions, and
behaviors toward other people. You can find other people
physically, sexually, or emotionally attractive, and all
those things are a part of your sexuality. Sexuality is
diverse and personal, and it is an important part of who
you are.
Sexuality

28. a broad term, referring to an individual's perception of
themselves in sexual matters.
Sexual Identities

29. Straight: attracted to the opposite sex or gender.
Gay: attracted to the same sex or gender.
Lesbian: attractive to other women (and you are a woman)
Bisexual: attracted to more than one gender.
Asexual: have no or less sexual attraction to others.
Aromantic: have no or less romantic attraction to others.
Types of Sexual Identity

30. the preference for sexual partners of one gender (sex) or
other, also varies.
sexual attraction, sexual behavior, sexual fantasies;
emotional preference, social preference, self-
identification
describe our pattern of emotions and attraction to
other people.
Sexual Orientation

31. Heterosexual (straight) – people attracted to people of the opposite sex
/ gender.
Homosexual (gay, lesbian)– people attracted to people of one’s own sex
/ gender.
Bisexual – people attracted to people either sex or more than one
gender.
Pansexual (gender-blind) – people attracted to people of any gender
identity.
Asexual – people who are not physically and sexually attracted to other
people but has the same emotional needs as anybody. (needs
companion)
Aromantic – people with little or no romantic attraction regardless of
sex and gender.
Types of Sexual Orientations

33. https://sociologydictionary.org/sexual-
identity/#definition_of_sexual_identity
https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Alberta/Pages/gender-ID-expression-
LGBTQ.aspx
https://www.ohrc.on.ca/en/policy-preventing-discrimination-because-
gender-identity-and-gender-expression/3-gender-identity-and-gender-
expression
https://www.issm.info/sexual-health-qa/what-is-the-difference-
between-transsexual-and-transgender
References

34. THANK
YOU!