Generations of Computer

Generations of Computer

1. Lectureno:2
IntroductiontoComputer/Computer
Education
Mr.MuhammadMoazzam
MPhilPublicHealth
BScBioMedical
UniversityoftheLahore

2. Contents
•Generations of Computer

4. Computer Generations
•1
st
Generation-Vacuumtubes
•2
nd
Generation-Transistors
•3
rd
Generation-IC(Integrated
Circuits)
•4
th
Generation-MicroProcessor
•5
th
Generation-Artificial intelligence

5. 1-First Generation-Vacuum Tubes
•Generally, the computersbuiltduringthe
World War II era are known as the first generation
computers
•Theseareconsideredthefirstcomputers,and
were extremely different from the computers we
see today
•They were designed for a specifictask
•The 1st generation computers were also
extremelyslow

6. 1-First Generation-Vacuum Tubes
1946-ENIACfirstelectroniccomputer
with18000vacuumtubesanditweighed80
tons.Itcoulddo5000additionsand360
multiplicationspersecond
Vacuumtubeswereexpensiveandskill
neededtomanufacutre

7. Contd.
•Vacuum tubes get hot and burn out. Computer of
this generation were very large machine which air
conditioning were needed to house them

8. 2-Second Generation(1956-1963)
By 1947, the invention of the
transistor greatly changed the computer’s
developement.The transistor replaced the
large,unpractical vacuum tube in computers.
Computers came smaller,faster,more reliable
and more energy-efficent

9. 2-Second Generation(1956-1963)
•These computers make use of the transistors
invented by Bell Telephonelaboratories
•They had many of the same components as the
modern-daycomputer
•For instance, 2nd generation computers typically
had a printer, some sort of tape or disk storage,
operating systems, stored programs, as well as
some sort ofmemory
•These computers were also generally more
reliable and were solid indesign

10. Second Generation-Transistor:

11. 2-Second Generation Computer
(1956-1963)

12. 3-Third Generation(1964-1971)
Integrated circuits(IC) semiconductor
devices with several transistors built into one
physical component.Texas Instrument and
Fairchild both announce the integrated circuit
1959

13. 3-Third Generation(1964-1971)
•The 3rd Generation Computers were generally
much smaller in size than the 2nd and 1st
generation computers
•3rd generation computers also contained
operating systems, which acted as overseers to the
performance of a computer and which allowed
computers to run different programs at once
•Another function of operating systems is
to make sure everything is flowing smoothly
inside the computer

14. 3-Third GenerationComputer
(1964-1971)

15. Third Generation(1964-1971)

16. 4-Fourth Generation(1971-
present)
Intel 4004 chip took the integrated circuit one step
further by locating all the components of a
computer on silicon chip.
Whereas previously had manufactured to fit a special
purpose, now one microprosessor could be
manufactured and programmed to meet any
number of demands.Other Intel prosessors 8008,
8086, 80286, 80386, 80486, pentium, pentium
pro,pentium II,pentium III
and pentium IV.

17. 4-Fourth Generation(1971-present)

18. 5-Fifth Generation(present -)
•Fifthgenerationcomputerbasedonariticial
intelligence,arestillindevelopement
stage.Theuseofparallelprocessingand
superconductorsishelpingtomakearitifical
intelligense
•AdvancesinSuperConductortechnologywill
greatlyimprovethespeedofinformation
traffic
•Themaingoaloffifthgenerationtomakea
devicewhicharecapableoflearningandself-
organization

19. 5-Fifth Generation(present -)