Genetically Modified Potato

A genetically modified potato is a potato that has had its genes modified, using genetic engineering.

1. Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences Assignment – 2 HOVS-811 Breeding of Vegetable crops Submitted to: Dr.shailesh Marker Department of Genetics and Plant breeding Submitted By: Munagala Saikiran 18MSCGPB090 M.sc. Ag(Genetics and plant breeding) HOVS-811

2. Genetically Modified Potato

3. Genetically engineered Potato   A genetically modified potato is a potato that has had its genes modified, using genetic engineering. Goals of modification include : Introducing pest resistance To prevent browning or bruising of the tubers. Varieties modified to produce large amounts of starches may be approved for industrial use only, not for food.

4. Difference between potato conventional breeding and Genetically engineered potato Potato Conventional breeding Gene pool restricted by sexual compatibility Introduction of additional, undesirable genes Gene of interest is usually not known and cannot be modified Unknown recombination of events Nearly 10-15 years needed for development of a new variety Genetically engineered potato Gene pool not restricted, any organism can be used as gene donor Introduction of desired gene only Gene of interest is well characterized and can be improves Well-Characterized recombination events It takes 3-5 years for the development of a transgenic potato variety

5. Potato conventional breeding Genetically engineered Potato Breeders right allows seed multiplication for own use and breeding Thought to be safe because of familiarity Accessible to almost everyone Developed and accepted in almost every where in the world Patent rights are highly restrictive for users Fear novelty and unknown still in the hands of developers Still mostly developed in Northern countries

6. Genetically Modified PotatoVarieties Amflora NewLeaf Innate The "Innate" potato is not a single cultivar, rather, it is a group of potato varieties that have had the same genetic alterations applied using the same process. Five different potato varieties have been transformed creating innate versions of the varieties with all of the original traits plus the engineered ones. Ranger Russet, Russet Burbank, and Atlantic potatoes have all been transformed by Simplot as well as two proprietary varieties.

7. Amflora: Amflora' (also known as EH92-527-1) was a cultivar developed by BASF Plant Science for production of pure amylopectin starch for processing into waxy potato starcha Potato starch consists of two types of starch amylase/amylopectin Instead of regular 20-80 amylose-amylopectin mixture typical in potato. Amflora is genetically modified to contain only amylopectin The messenger RNA contaning the directions for making amylose is intercepted by anti sense gene It was approved for industrial applications in the European Union market on 2 March 2010 by the European Commission

8. NewLeaf In 1995, Monsanto introduced the  NewLeaf   variety of potato which was their first genetically modified crop. It was designed to resist attack from the Colorado potato beetle due to the insertion of Bt toxin producing genes from the bacterium  Bacillus thuringiensis . The insect-resistant potatoes found only a small market, and Monsanto discontinued the sale of seed in 2001

9. Innate The genetically modified Innate potato was approved by the United States Department of Agriculture in 2014 The cultivar was developed by J. R. Simplot Company. It is designed to resist black spot bruising, browning and to contain less of the amino acid asparagine that turns into acrylamide during the frying of potatoes Acrylamide is a probable human carcinogen, so reduced levels of it in fried potato foods is desirable McDonald's is a major consumer of potatoes in the US Ranger russet Russet bur bank

10. References: Vegetable Breeding Principles and practices- By Har har Ram https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetically_modified_potato https://phys.org/news/2017-02-genetically-potatoes.html# ht tps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranger_Russet Submitted By: Munagala Saikiran 18MSCGPB090 M.sc.Ag(Genetics and plant breeding) HOVS-811 Submitted to: Dr.shailesh Marker Department of Genetics and Plant breeding