Genu recurvatum

Knee pathology , Genu Recurvatum or Knee Hyperextension

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2. BANGLADESH HEALTH PROFESSIONS INSTITUTE School of Prosthetics and Orthotics Genu Recurvatum Presented by Shishir Chandra Bin 3/11/2018 2

3. Genu Recurvatum Content: Objectives Introduction Genu recurvatum Types of genu recurvatum Causes of genu recurvatum Sign & symptoms of genu recurvatum Orthotic treatment of genu recurvatum Conclusion Reference 3/11/2018 3

4. Genu Recurvatum Objectives : To know about Genu recurvatum To identify the types of genu recurvatum To know the Sign & Symptoms of genu recurvatum To know the causes of genu recurvatum To learn the orthotic treatment of genu recurvatum 3/11/2018 4

5. Con…. Genu Recurvatum : is a deformity in the knee joint, so that the knee bends backwards . Genu recurvatum is also called knee hyperextension and back knee. 3/11/2018 5

6. Con… Types of Genu Recurvatum : Genu recurvatum can vary from mild, moderate, to severe and is divided into three types. These are: External rotary deformity (ERD) Internal rotary deformity (IRD) Non-rotary deformity (NRD) 3/11/2018 6

7. Causes : Bone growth disorder An inherited problem or birth defect Joints of the knee are not stable due to ligaments Femur and tibia is not properly aligned Postural habits Some medical diseases like multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, or muscular dystrophy Leg length discrepancy Unusual position of the ankle and foot when walking 3/11/2018 7

8. Symptoms: Pain on the outer back part of the knee referred to as the posterolateral ligamentous An aching pain in the medial tibiofemoral joint Knee moves into hyperextension in mid stance phase A nipping feeling in the front part of the knee 3/11/2018 8

9. Orthotic treatment of Genu Recurvatum : For the treatment of Genu Recurvatum we need to identify the causes. After that we can provide some orthotic device like - Ankle Foot Orthosis (AFO) Knee Orthosis (KO) Knee Ankle Foot Orthosis (KAFO) 3/11/2018 9

10. Treatment con... AFO: If genu recurvatum is caused by any defecit at the lower leg we can provide AFO for treatment . Some problems like lack of stability due to lower leg muscle weakness , excessive planter flexion of the ankle causes knee hyper extension. By providing AFO we can accommodate these problems . 3/11/2018 10

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12. Con.... KO: If there is any problem in the knee joint that causes knee hyper extension ,we can provide knee orthosis . Such as joint instability due to ligament laxity,malaignment of tibia and femur , Postural habit etc. A knee orthosis will hold the knee in neutral or slightly flexed position to allow smooth gait pattern. 3/11/2018 12

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14. Con.... KAFO : If there is any problem in the thigh area such as knee extensor muscle weakness, extensor muscle spasticity, malalignment of the femur and tibia etc , these will cause genu recurvatum . For this we can provide KAFO , that will hold the leg in flexed position and will prevent leg form further deformities. 3/11/2018 14

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16. Conclusion: Genu recurvatum can be caused by different reason . Before providing any orthotic treatment we need to find out the reason . That’s why we need to do a proper patient assessment and our assessment result will determine the type of the orthotic treatment . 3/11/2018 16

17. Reference: http://healthsurgical.com/genu-recurvatum.html https://www.mediuk.com Lectures on “Biomechanics of the knee” http://www.oandplibrary.org/op/1986_01_043.asp 3/11/2018 17

18. Rough slide External rotary deformity (ERD) This is when the person’s foot is positioned in an equinovarus or walking on toe position which is how a horse also walks. The foot touches the ground on the outer edge of the foot. This kind of knee hyperextension is mostly common among stroke patients since the movements of their foot are not normal due to an atypical pattern of the muscle tone. Internal rotary deformity (IRD) This is when the person’s pacing is abnormal wherein the forefoot is rotated outward. In return, the person should overextend the knee for compensation and this will then lead to deformity. Non-rotary deformity (NRD) The foot and ankle are normally situated with the knee as the primary abnormality. This type of deformity is an injury that pushes the knee to bend backwards. 3/11/2018 18