Gerund and Infinitive sg asd sdg s sg s.pdf

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1. Gerundand
Infinitive
Natalia Soto
C.I: 30920459
Esc.45
Republica Bolivariana de Venezuela
Ministerio del poder popular para la educación
Instituto Universitario Politécnico “Santiago Mariño”
Extensión -Valencia

2. Gerund Infinitive
Agerundisformedby
adding“-ing”tothe
verb.Buttheyarenot
the“ing”verbforms
usedinthepresentor
pastcontinuoustense.
Theylookthesame,but
gerundsareactually
verbformsusedas
nouns.
Verb + ing
Aninfinitiveistheverb
formthathas“to”at
the beginning.For
example,“todo”,“to
sleep”,“tolove”,and“to
create”.

3. Grammatical Rules
When one verb is followed by another verb, that verb must be in the
gerund or the infinitive.Generally, we use the infinitive after some verbs
and the gerund after others, but there are some verbs with which we can
use either the gerund of the infinitive.
Verb Gerund InfinitiveVerb Gerund Infinitive
afford x continuex x
agree x decide x
attempt x detest x
begin x x enjoy x
choose x expect x

4. Verb GerundInfinitiveVerb GerundInfinitiveVerb GerundInfinitive
fail X manage x seem x
finish X need x start x x
Hate X X offer x suggestx
Hope X plan x tend x
ImagineX preferx x threate
n
x
Intend X promise x toleratex
Keep x quit x try x x
learn x recomm
end
x underst
and
x
Like X x refuse x want x
love x X regretx wish x x

5. •I can’t affordto buy a new car.
•He beganto doubt himself. / He begandoubtinghimself.
•They decidedto move to Australia in May.
•I enjoylisteningto music.
•She hatesstudying. / She hatesto study.
•You lovedancing. / You loveto dance.
•He neededto leave class early because he had an appointment.
•She can’t toleratecomplaining.
•I triedlearningEnglish. / I triedto learn English.
•My mother could retire, but she keepsworking.
Examples:

6. Wecanusethegerundortheinfinitiveastheobject,
subjectorcomplementofasentence,butingeneralitismore
commontousethegerundasthesubject.
Examples:
Object:
•I like cooking. / I like to cook.
•She continued working. / She continued to work.
Complement:
•The best thing to do when you are sick is to drink a lot of water.
•My favorite exercise is swimming.
Subject:
•Swimmingis good exercise.
•Drinkingand drivingis dangerous.

7. With some verbs, the meaning of the sentence can change
with the use of the gerund or the infinitive.
forget, mean, remember, stop…
Gerund:
•I forgot writingthat email.(Meaning: I wrote the email, but I forgot that I wrote it.)
Infinitive:
•I forgot to write that email.(Meaning: I never wrote the email.)
Examples:

8. The infinitive is used after adjectives.
disappointed, glad, happy, pleased,
relieved, sad, surprised…
•I’m glad to see you.
•She was surprised to find the door unlocked.
Examples:

9. Only the gerund can be used after prepositions.
about, against, at, after,
before, by, on, without…
•He’s good at listening.
•I always read before goingto bed.
•You can’t leave without sayinggoodbye
Examples:

10. •What is the advantage of waiting?
•I am interested in takingan English class.
•His problem findinga new job was his lack of experience.
The gerund is used after certain nouns.
advantage/disadvantage of, danger of, experience in,
interested in, opportunity of, reason for, problem with…
Examples:

11. to look forward to,
to be worth,
can’t help,
don’t mind,
feel like…
The gerund is also used after some
expressions and phrasal verbs.
Examples:
•We’re really looking forward to seeingyou.
•That movie was not worth seeing.
•I can’t help fallingin love.
7

12. Thanks!