Gis application on forest management

forest

1. GIS APPLICATION ON FOREST MANAGEMENT SUBMITTED BY : PRAHLAD PATEL 182109111

2. CONTENT 1. ABSTRACT 2. ROLE OF GIS 3. INTRODUCTION 4. WHY GIS USE IN FOREST MANAGEMENT? 5. GIS USED BY THE SURVEY OF INDIA 6. SUCCESSFUL PROJECT IMPLIMENTED 7 . GIS APPLICATION IN GENERAL 8 . GIS APPLICATION IN FOREST MANAGEMENT 9 . CONCLUSION 10. REFERENCES

3. ABSTRACT The overall aim of this is to explore the potential application of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology in forest management in general. The use of GIS has flooded almost every field in the engineering, natural and social sciences, offering accurate, efficient, reproducible methods for collecting, viewing and analyzing spatial data. ROLE OF GIS GIS has proven to play a vital role in the following • Resource Management • Harvest planning • Fire Management • Map production • GIS for strategic planning and modeling

4. INTRODUCTION Forests are important renewable natural resources and have a significant role in preserving an environment suitable for human life. In addition to timber, forests provide such resources as grazing land for animals, wildlife habitat, water resources and recreation areas. Forestry involves the management of a broad range of natural resources within a forested area. Forest resource management in today’s ever changing world is becoming more complex and demanding to forest managers. GIS and related technologies provide foresters with powerful tools for record keeping, analysis and decision making. GIS can be established to provide crucial information about resources and can make planning and management of resources easier, for example, recording and updating resource inventories, harvest estimation and planning, ecosystem management, and landscape and habitat planning.

5. GIS is a good tool for forest management because it answers the following question that helps in forest management activities. •Location : What is at? Location of forest resources in the earth in many ways such as a place name, post or zip code, or geographic references such as latitude and longitude. • Condition: Where is it ? Non forested land of certain size distance from road or river. • Trends: What has changed since ? It helps to find out what has changed within study forest or land use an area over time • Patterns: What spatial patterns exist ? Determine whether landslide in forest area • Modeling: What if ? Determine what happens, if a road network is added in a forest. WHY GIS USE IN FOREST MANAGEMENT ?

6. GIS applications can be grouped into various categories depending on the level of integration with other forest management and financial systems. These categories include • Data collection and maintenance. • Map production . • Data viewing and query. • Decision support system GIS APPLICATION IN GENERAL

7. GIS USED BY FOREST SURVEY OF INDIA FOREST COVERED: MP FOREST COVERED AREA

8. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

9. SUCCESSFUL PROJECT OF CARBETT UTTRAKHAND IMPLEMENTED BY FOREST SURVEY OF INDIA Study Area : Corbett Tiger Reserve (CTR), the first Tiger Reserve to be established in the country in 1973 under ‘Project Tiger’ includes Corbett National Park, Sonanadi Wildlife Sanctuary and a buffer zone surrounding the National Park and Sanctuary. The Corbett Tiger Reserve covering a total area of 1288.32 sq. km. is situated at the southern part of Uttaranchal comprising of Pauri Garhwal , Nainital and Almora districts. This park represents the amalgamation of culture of these hill regions, and displays amazing landscapes and diverse flora and fauna. The CTR area extends from 78° 39’ 40” E to 79° 09’ 23” E longitude and 29°48’ N to 29°23’ 32” N latitude. Data Input: Data inputs include ( i )Thematic Map of Corbett National Park on 1:25,000 based on interpretation of aerial photographs (ii) Forest Cover map on 1:50,000 scale based on satellite data of year 2000 (iii) SOI toposheets on 1:50,000 scale covering the area (iv) IRS 1D LISS III data of March 2001 for digital classification of Forest Types. and (v) Databases provided by the authorities of the Corbett Tiger Reserve. Methodology : Features like the boundary of CTR, ranges, block and compartments (from Forest Department’s map) were corrected with river channels of the satellite imageries and SOI sheets. Features like roads, settlements in the fringe area etc were prepared from the toposheets and those like the range offices, rest houses, forest chaukis , firelines , sighting of animals were prepared from the maps provided by the Forest Department. The satellite imageries were geo-referenced and digital classification was performed for landuse and landcover maps. Outputs : From the databases prepared query based analysis were obtained. Estimates of area for the total area of Corbett along with the ranges, shown in Table 26, blocks and the compartments were obtained. The total area as estimated by the CTR is 1288.32 km2, where Corbett National Park is 520.22 km2, Corbett Tiger Reserve (buffer zone including the Kalagarh Forest Division) is 466.32 km2 and Sonanadi Wildlife Sanctuary is 301.18 sq km. Of the 45 blocks within the CTR, Malani has the maximum area of 66.40 km2, with 19 compartments while Kartia has the minimum area of 3.12 km2 with just two compartments. Š

10. AREA COVERED BY EACH FOREST TYPE: Fig 28: Area covered by each forest type FOREST TYPE AREA (IN SQ. KM) % OF TOTAL AREA Pure Sal 540.71 41.97 16.08 Mixed Sal 207.20 17.29 Miscellaneous 222.75 Grass/Riverbed 109.12 8.47 5.75 74.09 Scrub 6.98 89.87 Plantation Water 44.59 3.46 Percentage Area of Forest Types in Corbett National Park % 16.08 % 5.75 % 6.98 % 3.46 41.97 % 17.29 % % 8.47 Pure Sal Mixed Sal Miscellaneous Grass/Riverbed Scrub Plantation Water

11. With forest management becoming increasingly complex, due to greater environmental and social involvement and pressures, GIS is likely to play an increasingly central role. Developments in greater band width, web based technology and wireless communication will provide much greater opportunities for information access even in more remote areas. This will allow real time online data capture and query in the field. CONCLUSION

12. 1 . Forest Survey of india 2.Upadhyay M (2009) Making GIS work in forest management. Institute of Forestry, Pokhara , Nepal. 3. Ayhan AA, Ametin TM, Bgurcan BG (2004) Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Forest Covers Change: Human Impacts and Natural Disturbances in Bartin Forests, NW of Turkey. Landscape Ecol 19: 631-646. 4. Chuviec E, Congalto RG (1989) Application of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems to Forest Fire Hazard Mapping. Remote Sens Environ 29: 147-159. 5. Anon (2015) Applications of GIS. Administration and finance. Mass GIS. 6. Kane K (1997) GIS and Forestry . REFERENCES

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