GLOBALIZATION OF RELIGION.pdf_20241007_193024_0000.pdf

Understanding the Different Religions that affect Globalization

1. The Globalization of Religion

2. Learning Objectives
After studying the unit, the students should be able to:
-Explain how globalization affects religious practices and
beliefs
-Analyze the relationship between religion and global
conflict, and conversely, global peace.

3. DEFINING RELIGION
- Religion is a system of socially shared symbols,
beliefs, and rituals that are directed toward a sacred,
supernatural realm and address the ultimate meaning
of existence.
- The English word "religion" comes from the Latin verb
"religare," which means "to tie" or "to bind fast."
- Religion provides a framework for understanding the
world and our place in it, offering guidance on morality,
ethics, and the meaning of life.

4. Types of Religious Organizations

5. - A religious organization that claims to possess the
truth about salvation exclusively. Membership is
typically by birth, with new generations inducted
through baptism. Example: The Roman Catholic
Church.
CHURCH

6. A religious group that also perceives itself
as the sole owner of the truth, but
constitutes a minority in a given society.
Recruitment occurs through conscious
individual choice.
SECT

7. A religious organization that emphasizes
cooperation with other similar denominations.
Membership is through individual and voluntary
choice, although childbirth is also a significant
factor.
DENOMINATION

8. A non-traditional form of religion, often
perceived as deviant or nontraditional by
society. It emphasizes the belief in the divine
element within the individual and derives its
teachings from a real or legendary figure.
CULT

9. NEW RELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS
(NRMS) AND INDIGENOUS
- The term "New Religious Movement" emerged in the 1960s
as an alternative to the negative connotations associated with
the term "cult."
- New Age groups are considered part of these new religious
movements.
- Indigenous religious groups represent the diverse spiritual
traditions and practices of various cultures around the world.
Religious Groups:

10. Major Religions of the World

11. - There are approximately 4,300 religions in the world.
- More than eight-in-ten people worldwide identify with a
religious group.
- Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity, Judaism, and Islam are
five of the largest religions globally.
- These religions have profoundly shaped the course of
history and influenced the trajectory of the human race
through their spread and impact on diverse geographic
regions.

12. HINDUISM
- Originating on the Indian
subcontinent, Hinduism
encompasses diverse systems of
philosophy, belief, and ritual.
- It is considered the oldest living
religion on Earth, with roots dating
back to the Indus Valley Civilization
(3rd-2nd millennium BCE).

13. BUDDHISM
- A religion and philosophy that
developed from the teachings of the
Buddha (Sanskrit: Awakened One), who
lived in northern India between the mid-
6th and mid-4th centuries BCE.
- Buddhism spread from India to Central
and Southeast Asia, China, Korea, and
Japan, playing a central role in the
spiritual, cultural, and social life of Asia.

14. CHRISTIANITY
- Stemming from the life, teachings,
and death of Jesus of Nazareth in the
1st century AD.
- Christianity is the largest religion in
the world, with over 2 billion believers.
- Its major groups include the Roman
Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox
churches, and the Protestant churches.

15. JUDAISM
- A monotheistic religion developed
among the ancient Hebrews.
- Judaism is characterized by a belief in
one transcendent God who revealed
himself to Abraham, Moses, and the
Hebrew prophets.
- It encompasses a total way of life for
the Jewish people, including theology,
law, and numerous cultural traditions.

16. ISLAM
- Promulgated by the Prophet Muhammad
in Arabia in the 7th century CE.
- Islam emphasizes submission to the will
of Allah (God), as revealed through the
Quran.
- Muhammad is considered the last of a
series of prophets, including Adam, Noah,
Abraham, Moses, Solomon, and Jesus.

17. IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON
RELIGION

18. - Globalization has profound implications for religions,
influencing their practices, beliefs, and interactions with other
faiths.
- It encourages religious pluralism, as religions identify
themselves in relation to one another and become less rooted
in specific locations due to diasporas and transnational ties.
- Globalization provides fertile ground for non-
institutionalized religious manifestations and the
development of religion as a political and cultural resource.

19. Perspectives on the Role of Religion in
the Globalization Process

20. Predicts that all secularizations will eventually
look alike, leading to a universal secular and
"rational" philosophy. Views religious revivals as
reactions to the Enlightenment and modernization.
1. The Modernist Perspective.

21. Rejects Enlightenment values of rationalism, empiricism,
and science, as well as modernist structures like capitalism
and bureaucracy. Emphasizes expressive individualism and
predicts the disappearance of traditional religions.
2. Post-Modernist Perspective.

22. 3. The Pre-Modernist Perspective.
Argues that each religion has secularized in
its own distinctive way, resulting in diverse secular
outcomes. Suggests that globalization, while
promoting secularization, will not lead to a single
global worldview.

23. Transnational Religion and Multiple Glocalization
Throughout the 20th century migration of faiths across the
globe has been a major feature. One of these features is
the deterritorialization of religion – that is , the
appearance and the efflorescence of religious traditions in
places where these previously had been largely unknown
or were at least in a minority position

24. - Transnational Religion: Describes the migration of faiths across the
globe, leading to the deterritorialization of religion.
- Religious Universalism: Focuses on the global spread of religious
traditions, often depicted as a religion going global.
- Local Ethnic or National Particularism: Emphasizes the
maintenance of local identities and cultural traditions within
immigrant communities.
- Fundamentalist or Revivalist Movements: Attempt to construct
pure religion, shedding cultural traditions associated with past
religious life.

25. - Fundamentalist or Revivalist Movements: Attempt to
construct pure religion, shedding cultural traditions
associated with past religious life.
- Indigenization: The process of adapting religious practices
and beliefs to local cultures and contexts.
- Hybridization or Glocalization: The blending of global and
local religious elements, creating unique expressions of faith.

26. - Nationalization: The association of specific nations
with particular religious confessions.
- Transnationalization: The maintenance of religious
attachments to home churches or institutions by
communities living outside their national territory.

27. Forms of
Glocalization

28. - Indigenization: Fuses religion and culture into a
single unit, often connected to the survival of specific
ethnic groups.
- Vernacularization: The rise of vernacular languages
in religious practice, offering privileged access to the
sacred.

29. - Nationalization: The consolidation of specific
nations with particular confessions.
- Transnationalization: Forces groups to identify with
specific religious traditions of real or imagined
national homelands or adopt a more universalist
vision of religion.

30. THANK YOU!