Glomerulonephritis

Kidney

1. GLOMERULONEPHRITIS NUR IZZATUL NAJWA BINTI SHARUPUDDIN 082015100036

2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES AT THE END OF THIS SEMINAR, STUDENTS SHOULD BE ABLE TO : DEFINE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS LIST THE TYPES OF GLOMERULONEPHRITIS UNDERSTAND THE CAUSES OF GLOMERULONEPHRITIS LIST THE SIGN AND SYMPTOMS OF GLOMERULONEPHRITIS KNOW THE TREATMEN T OF GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

3. DEFINITION Inflammation of the tiny filters in your kidneys (glomeruli). Glomeruli remove excess fluid, electrolytes and waste from your bloodstream and pass them into your urine. Damage to the glomeruli causes blood and protein to be lost in the urine Also called glomerular disease .

4. TYPES Acute glomerulonephritis - begins suddenly Chronic glomerulonephritis - develops gradually over several years

5. CAUSES Streptococcal infection of the throat ( strep throat) or skin ( impetigo) Hereditary diseases Diabetes High blood pressure

6. Immune diseases : LUPUS Vasculitis (inflammation of the blood vessels)

7. Viruses HIV, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus Endocarditis (infection of the valves of the heart)

8. HOW IT OCCURS?

9. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Pink or cola- colored urine from red blood cells in your urine ( hematuria ) Foamy urine due to excess protein (proteinuria) High blood pressure (hypertension) Fluid retention ( edema ) with swelling evident in your face, hands, feet and abdomen Fatigue from anaemia or kidney failure

10. TREATMENT Depends on the cause of the disorder, and the type and severity of symptoms ; Lifestyle Changes angiotensin II receptor blockers Restrict salt and water intake. Restrict intake of potassium, phosphorous, and magnesium. Cut down on protein in the diet. Diet and exercise. Take calcium supplements. Medications diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, Dialysis or transplant

11. SUMMARY KNOW THE DEFINITION LIST THE TYPES UNDERSTAND THE CAUSES LIST THE SIGN AND SYMPTOMS KNOW THE TREATMEN T OF GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

12. REFERENCE http:// www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/glomerulonephritis/basics/definition/con-20024691