GOEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGMENT 2.pptx

hardware devices

1. GOEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGMENT PRESENTED BY : Varsha singh Km. Abhilasha pandey Anuradha Mani Tripati COURSE : MASTER OF BUSSINESS ADMINSTRATION SEMESTER : 1 ST TOPIC : HARDWARE DEVICES

2. INPUT DEVICES

3. OUTPUT DEVICES

4. STORAGE DEVICES

5. KEYBOARD About Keyboard: A computer keyboard is an output device used to enter characters and functions into the computer system by pressing buttons or keys. Its modelled after the typewriter keyboard which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys to act as mechanical levers or electricals switches . History: Christopher Lathem Sholes is known as the father of the keyboard because he invented the QWERTY keyboard layout and was a key figure in the development of the first practical typewriter . Types of keyboard: Keyboard has 104 keys . The keyboard has letters keys, numbers keys ,arrow keys, special keys. Uses: In normal usage, the keyboard is used as a text entry interface for typing text, numbers and symbols into applications software such as a word processor, web browser or social media app. Touchscreen use virtual keyboards.

6. Voice speech devices A software program or hardware device that has the ability to decode the human voice. Sometimes referred to as voice-activated or speech recognition software, this technology has become more and more popular in recent years among everyday consumers. Here are some voice speech devices and tools that students can use: Speech Texter, Dragon Naturally Speaking, Google Docs voice typing, Otter.ai, Nuance Professional etc.

7. SCANNER: functions and applications About Scanner: A device that convert physical documents, images , or object into digital files that can be stored, edited, and viewed on a computer, scanners are similar to photocopiers , but instead of making a physical copy, they create a digital file. Scanner have been around since the mid- 20 th century and have become more popular as the world has become more digitally inclined. History: The first scanner developed for use with a computer as we know it today was created by a team led by Russell A. Kirsch at the United States National Bureau of Standards in 1957. The first image ever scanned was a picture of Kirsch’s son which was 5*5cm in measurement and had a resolution of 176*176 pixels. Uses: Scanner use a light source and a photosensitive sensor to capture an image, and then convert the light patterns into digital information. Scanner are used in many different ways, including: In offices : scanners are used to scan documents like contracts, invoices and report to help organize paperwork. In architecture and Engineering : Scanners are used to scan blueprints and technical drawings. In graphic design and photography : Scanners can digitize drawings and photographs for editing and manipulation.

8. Understanding MICR, OMR, BAR CODE READER MICR ( MAGNETIC INK CHARACTER RECOGNITION) The American Bankers Association (ABA) developed MICR( Magnetic Ink Character Recognition) in the 1950s . The ABA adopted the E-13B font as a standard for MICR in 1958 . The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) recognized the ABA’s standards as the American standard for MICR printing 1963. Technology that uses special ink and character to process and verify the authenticity of checks and documents. Includes bank routing numbers, customer’s checking account number, and check number. Used by banks and financial institutions to process checks faster and reduce check fraud. OMR( OPTICAL MARK RECOGNITION) Technique that reads information marked on forms or papers by people. Scanners detect marks on specially designed forms for data collection. Used for exams, survey, research, and efficiency with high accuracy in data

9. OMR software is used to capture data from OMR sheets. While data capturing scanning devices focus on many factors like thickness of paper dimensions of OMR sheet and the designing pattern. BAR CODE READER Optical scanners that read printed barcodes and send data to computers. Consists of a light source, lens, and light sensor for translating optical impulses into electrical signals. Decode barcode image data and send content to the scanner’s output part.

10. VISUAL DISPLAY UNIT AND THEIR APPLICATIONS Visual Display Unit (VDUs) VDUs are hardware devices that showcase text and graphics from a computer on a screen. VDUs , also known as essential for various applications like word processing, database management , gaming, and multimedia consumption. VDUs typically come with input options like a keyboard or light pen for interacting with the displayed information.

11. Printers and Plotters: Their Types Printers Printers are essential hardware devices in computing. Printers are used to generate hard copies of documents, images, or a combination of both. There are two main categories of Printers : 2D printers and 3D printers.

12. Magnetic storage Device Magnetic storage is a form of non-volatile storage. This means that the data is not lost when the storage device is not powered . This is in contrast to volatile storage, which is typically used for the main memory of a computer system. Magnetic Tape is one of the older types of magnetic storage media. The magnetic tape recorded was invented in 1928 and was primarily used for analog audio recordings . Before music CDs were introduced in the 1980s , portable music devices used magnetic tape in the form of music cassetters . Some of the most common magnetic storage devices: 1. Hard Disk Drives(HDDs) 2.Floppy Disks 3. Magnetic Tapes There Advantages: 1.Relatively Cheap per unit od storage 2. Fast access and retrieval times compared to other storage devices.

13. Optical Storage Device Optical Storage: A type of digital storage using laser light to read/write data on spinning discs like CDs, DVDs, and Blu- ray discs. Blu- ray disc drives, used in computer science for software distribution, backup, multimedia storage, and auxiliary storage. They are also used in industrial and manufacturing settings, such as in the production of lasers, contact lenses, and medical equipment. Applications of optical instruments can be divided into two main categories: image acquisition and image processing. Optical system also provides a plotting facility on conjunction with sweep iterations.

14. Flash memory About Flash memory : Flash memory is a type of non-volatile computer memory that can be reprogrammed and erased electrically. It’s used in many devices including smartphones , digital cameras and USB flash drives. How it works: Flash memory is made up of a grid of transistors, with an oxide layer separating the floating gate and the control gate at each intersection . When the floating gate is linked to the control gate, the cell has a value of 1. To change the value to 0, a voltage is applied to the control gate. Types of Flash memory : There are two types of flash memory : NAND and NOR . NAND flash is used in many products including memory cards, USB flash drives, and solid- state drives. NOR flash is used to store control code, such as the BIOS in a PC. History: Flash memory was invented by Fujio Masuoka at Toshiba in 1980.