GOLLO GUMA [Autosaved].pptx on Taj Mahal located in agra

Ppt on Taj Mahal

1. GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PASIGHAT TOPIC – TAJ MAHAL NAME – GOLLO GUMA ROLL NO. – 5233 REGT. NO. – GPP/2020/CE-01 DEPARTMENT – CIVIL ENGINEERING SEMESTER - VI TECHNICAL SEMINAR –(CE-511) PHASE-1

2. INTRODUCTION The Taj Mahal is a world-renowned mausoleum located in Agra, a city in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, India. It was built by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal, who died during childbirth in 1631. The construction of the Taj Mahal began in 1632 and was completed in 1653. The Taj Mahal is widely considered to be one of the most beautiful and elegant buildings in the world and is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

3. Ustad Ahmad Lahori (.1580-1649) Ustad Ahmad Lahori - was an Persian chief architect of Taj Mahal

4. OBJECTIVES The engineering objective of the Taj Mahal was to create a monumental and enduring structure that would serve as a grand mausoleum for Shah Jahan's beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal. The building was intended to be a fitting tribute to her memory and a symbol of Shah Jahan's power and wealth.

5. The Taj Mahal was also designed to be a work of art and an architectural masterpiece. The Mughal architects and craftsmen who worked on the Taj Mahal used innovative techniques to create intricate carvings, inlaid with precious stones, and a symmetrical design that is both beautiful and functional.

6. ARCHITECTURE HERE ARE SOME KEY FEATURES OF TAJ MAHAL ARCHITECTURE: Overall Layout : The Taj Mahal is situated on a raised platform with four minarets at the corners. It is surrounded by a garden and a reflective pool. The entire complex is oriented towards the main entrance on the south side Materials : The Taj Mahal is made primarily of white marble, which is highly polished and reflects light. Dome : The most striking feature of the Taj Mahal is its large white dome, which is 73 meters high and is surrounded by four smaller domes. Minarets : The most striking feature of the Taj Mahal is its large white dome, which is 73 meters high and is surrounded by four smaller domes. Interior : The interior of the Taj Mahal is highly decorated with intricate carvings, inlaid stones, and calligraphy. The main tomb of Mumtaz Mahal and Shah Jahan is located in the center of the building, surrounded by an octagonal screen made of marble and carved with floral designs.

7. CONSTRUCTION The construction of the Taj Mahal was a major engineering feat, given the time period in which it was built. The construction of the Taj Mahal was a massive undertaking, requiring a workforce of over 20,000 skilled workers, including architects, engineers, artisans, and laborers .The architects and engineers of the Mughal empire used innovative techniques to ensure the durability and stability of the structure, including the use of massive foundations, a system of arches and domes, and precise calculations to ensure structural balance.

8. THE FOLLOWING MARBLES/STONES ARE USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION MARBLE JASPER JADE CRYSTAL TURQUOISE

9. GROUND LAYOUT The Taj Mahal is an iconic mausoleum which ground layout is designed in a symmetrical and balanced manner, in keeping with the principles of Mughal architecture. The complex covers an area of approximately 42 acres and is situated on the right bank of the Yamuna river.

10. As visitors pass through the Great Gate, they enter the Charbagh or the four-part garden. This garden is divided into four parts by a network of water channels, and it is laid out in the traditional Persian style. The plinth is a square-shaped structure that measures 186 feet on each side and is 22 feet high. The Taj Mahal is situated on the center of the plinth, and it is surrounded by four minarets, each measuring 138 feet in height. The plinth is a square-shaped structure that measures 186 feet on each side and is 22 feet high. The Taj Mahal is situated on the center of the plinth, and it is surrounded by four minarets, each measuring 138 feet in height.

11. METHODTHOLOGY The methodology used to construct the Taj Mahal involved several stages. Here is an overview: Design : The design of the Taj Mahal was created by architect Ustad Ahmad Lahauri who incorporated elements of Persian, Islamic, and Indian architectural styles. Foundation and Construction : The foundation of the Taj Mahal was laid in 1632, and construction continued for over 20 years. The building was constructed using red sandstone and white marble. Decoration : The Taj Mahal is known for its intricate decoration, including intricate carvings, inlaid stone work, and calligraphy. Landscaping : The grounds around the Taj Mahal were landscaped to create a beautiful and tranquil environment, with gardens, pools, and walkways that complement the building's grandeur. Overall, the construction of the Taj Mahal was a remarkable achievement of Mughal engineering and architecture.

12. CONCLUSION - From an engineering perspective, the Taj Mahal is an exceptional achievement. The building's unique design and grand scale required the use of advanced engineering techniques, including the development of a sophisticated pulley system and the use of high-quality materials that could withstand the test of time.

13. REFERENCE Here are some references related to the Taj Mahal: The official website of the Taj Mahal: http://www.tajmahal.gov.in/ UNESCO World Heritage Centre: Taj Mahal: https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/252/ National Geographic: Taj Mahal: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/world-heritage/taj-mahal/ History.com: Taj Mahal: https://www.history.com/topics/landmarks/taj-mahal

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