How can we know the meaning of the words we encounter?
Context Clues
Context clues in poetry are hints or pieces of information within the poem that help readers understand the meaning of difficult words or phrases.
Types of Context Clues
Definition Clues Synonym Clues Antonym Clues Example Clues Explanation Clues
Definition Clues
Sometimes the poem will provide a definition for a difficult word right in the next line or within the same line.
Example: T he night was somber, dark and gloomy.
1. Nard’s duplicity , crafty dishonesty, caused him to steal his classmate’s wallet. 2. A chimera is a mythical creature with body parts from various animals. 3. The puppy , which is a baby dog, feed out of his mother’s breast.
Synonym Clues
The poem might use a word that means the same thing as the difficult word to help explain it.
Example: The child was elated, filled with joy and happiness.
The teacher punished Nard for his duplicity or deceitfulness after discovering what he did. The annual bazaar is scheduled for the last day of school. It's always a fun festival . “That charlatan! ” he cried. “That absolute fake! ”
Quiz
1. The indigo bird’s feather shone deep blue in the sunlight. 2. “It was scorching ,” Larry said, “and I mean really hot.” 3. She saw the child dangling the cat over the railing. “Why are you letting it hang down like that?” she asked.
4. Their guffawing was so loud that Jorge had to wait until the laughter died down before continuing his performance. 5. He was the most hapless person Laura had ever known. In other words, he had no luck at all.
6. “Spot” was an apt name for the dog. It was a fitting name because he had brown spots on his fur. 7. When she hurled the ball across the field, I said, “I didn’t know you could throw like that!”
Antonym Clues
An opposite word or phrase is used to show what the difficult word means by contrast.
Example: Unlike the vibrant spring, the winter was dreary and dull.
1. Unlike his brother who had integrity to spare, Nard has nothing more than duplicity and he will be suspended for two days. 2. The feral cat would not let us pet him, unlike our friendly cat. 3. This painting of the landscape is picturesque , while the one of the old house is just plain ugly.
Example Clues
The poem gives examples that help explain the difficult word.
Example: The meadow was filled with wildlife: rabbits, deer, and birds were everywhere.
1. Nard’s duplicity included copying answers in the final exams, passing projects not originally owned by him, aside from stealing his classmate’s wallet. 2. The animals feed on grasses, leafy plants, shrubs, and other vegetations . 3. Constellations , like the famous group of stars name Orion, can be seen on a clear night.
She was virtuous , unlike her evil and conniving brother. The décor , including the fancy lights, beautiful paintings, and furniture, made the house look stunning. The gorilla is often gentle, but it can also be ferocious . The vast mall could not even compare to the tiny boutique. Dairy products such as milk, yoghurt, and butter are expensive. The sun, moon, and the stars are celestial bodies that are fascinating to study.
Explanation Clues
The poem explains the difficult word in more detail within the surrounding lines.
Example: The ancient tree, a giant oak with sprawling branches, stood as a guard in the forest.