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1. The Art of Ancient
Egypt
Big Idea : Art reflects religion and
their belief in the afterlife.

2. WHERE ? WHEN?
•Located in the Nile river valley, Africa
•Old Kingdom (2680 BC–c. 2200 BC)
•Middle Kingdom (2055 BC–1650 BC)
•New Kingdom (1550 BC–1069 BC),

3. WHO?
Communities were
made up of:
•Soldiers
•Slaves
•Priests
•Scribes
•Artists and craftsmen
•Farmers and herdsmen
•Pharaohs & Queens
•Gods/Godesses Fishing Scene
Tomb of Kenamun
About 1430 BC

4. Pharaoh
•The leader was called a
pharaoh.
•The pharaoh was believed to
be half man, half god.
•The afterlife of the pharaoh is
an important theme in ancient
Egyptian art.

5. WHAT?
•The greatest architectural achievements of the Ancient Egyptians
were the pyramids.
–Pyramids were built as tombs for the pharaohs. The
pyramids contained the items that the Egyptians believed that
the Pharaoh would need in the afterlife.
–Much of the ancient Egyptian art that remains today was
preserved in the pyramids.

6. Other Art created by Ancient Egyptians
•Egyptian people had a rich culture and loved to make art.
•The Egyptian people also made statues, relief carvings,
paintings, pottery, jewelry, sculptures and even coffins.
•Most ancient Egyptian art is found buried in the ground or
found in ancient Egyptian pyramids.

7. Statues and Sculptures

8. Jewelry

9. Paintings

10. Bas-Relief Carvings / Stele
Title: Seti I's Campaigns, Temple of Amun at Karnak, Thebes (exterior wall, north side of hypostyle).
Date: ca. 1280 BCE.

11. •Tomb found in
Valley of the Kings.
•Dated back to 1327
B.C.E.
•The inner coffin is
made from
hundreds of pounds
of gold, and
decorated with
colored enamel,
and gemstones.
King Tutankhamen

12. Burial Art – Sarcophagus, Masks, & Mummies

13. Do you think ancient
Egyptian culture has
had an impact on our
life today?

14. Ancient Egyptian culture has
influenced our lives in many ways.
•Some of our buildings are based on Egyptian architecture.
–Did you know there is a pyramid shaped hotel in Las Vegas?
•Some of our language comes from the Egyptian written
language of hieroglyphs.
•Sometimes people dress up in mummy costumes as well as
wear jewelry with Egyptian designs.
•Hollywood has filmed Egyptian based movies such as Cleopatra
and The Mummy.
•Song writers have written songs about Egyptian themes.

15. What do you think
“Walk Like an Egyptian” means?

16. Egyptian artists liked to show everything from what
they thought was the best possible viewpoint. Ancient
Egyptian artists used a style called frontalism to draw
people. 

17. Frontalism
•The face is from a side or
profile view.
•The eye is from a front
view.
•The arms and feet are
from a profile view.
•The shoulders and chest
are from a front view.

18. Can you see the front
and profile views of
these Egyptian
figures?
Frontalism

19. Frontalism
Look for the characteristics of Frontalism in this work of art.
•The face is from a side or profile view.
•The eye is from a front view.
•The arms and feet are from a profile view.
•The shoulders and chest are from a front view.

20. To Draw An Ancient Egyptian Person
Just follow these steps...
•The face is from a side or
profile view.
•The eye is from a front view.
•The arms and feet are from a
profile view.
•The shoulders and chest are
from a front view.

21. What is the written
language of the
ancient Egyptian
people?

22. Hieroglyphics is the written language of the
ancient Egyptian people.
•Hieroglyphs appear on tomb
and temple walls, statues,
papyrus (paper) and even
jewelry.
•Text could be read from left to
right, right to left, or up and
down depending on which way
the symbols faced.
•Hieroglyphic writing is one of
the most beautiful systems of
writing ever created.

24. How Did People Learn To Write It?
•Ancient Egyptians would
attend a special school to
learn to write and read
hieroglyphics.
•Egyptians who learned
how to write the
language were called
Scribes.

25. What Did They Use?
•First, they cut a plant called
papyrus into thin layers. Then
they the papyrus strips flat and
pounded them with a mallet.
Finally, they used a smoothing
stone to smooth it out.
•They wrote on the papyrus paper
with reed pens which they dipped
into ink.
•They also carved and painted
hieroglyphics on tombs and
temple walls.
•The wore a CARTOUCHE

26. The Rosetta Stone
•The Rosetta Stone was found by
French soldiers who were rebuilding a
fort in Egypt in 1799. The Rosetta
Stone is believed to have been made
in 196 B.C.
•The Rosetta Stone was inscribed
with three different texts Greek,
Demotic, Hieratic. Each text says the
same thing.
•The Rosetta Stone text was written
by the priests in ancient Egypt to
honor the Pharaohs. It lists all the
good things the Pharaohs have done
for the people and priests.

27. Examples of Egyptian Hieroglyphics

28. When you think of
Egypt do you
think of pyramids?

29. There are approximately 100 Pyramids in Egypt
•A pyramid was built to
be the tomb of a king
called a pharoah.
•Secret chambers in the
pyramid held the king’s
mummy, coffins and
special items from the
king’s afterlife.
•Ancient Egyptian people
believed the pyramid
connected the sky and
the earth.

30. •The first pyramid was built for King Zoser. It was a “step pyramid”.
It was designed and built by an artist and architect named Imhotep.
•Imhotep is the first architect whose name is recorded in history.
•This pyramid was built about 2600 BC.

31. •The pyramids were built using blocks of stone.
•Originally the exterior of the pyramids had a smooth quality. However,
due to time, wind, weather, etc. this smooth façade has worn away. You can
see a small remainder of the facade on the photo to the top left.

32. Egypt, El Giza, Great Pyramid also known as "Pyramid of Cheops" or
"Khufu's Pyramid" 2600-2480 BCE, The base of the pyramid covers
about 13 acres. To build the Great Pyramid it took an about 2,300,000
dressed stone blocks (averaging 2.5 tons each) -- more than any other
structure ever built. The blocks were moved on log rollers and sledges,
and then ramped into place.

33. •The Great Pyramid was originally 481 feet high and each side was 756 feet long.

34. •Look at the size of these pyramids compared to the size of the people below.

35. •The inside of a pyramid

36. The ancient Egyptians also built beautiful temples.
•This is the Temple of Ra
Other Egyptian Architectural Structures

38. • The Sphinx is another example of a Pharaoh (Khafre)
demonstrating his power.
•The massive size and the head of Pharaoh Khafre on the body of
a lion was intended to demonstrate the power of the pharaoh.
•Carved from stone at the site and stands at 65 feet tall.
Pharaoh Khafre, c. 2600 B.C.
Diorite. 66 inches tall.

39. Title: Hypostyle Hall of Temple of Amun-Ra, Karnak, Thebes.
Date: ca. 1290-1224 BCE.
Temple of Ra

40. Title: Temple of Queen Hatshepsut, Deir el-Bahri
Date: ca. 1478–1458 BCE.
Other Egyptian Architectural Structures
Temple of Queen Hatshepsut

41. Title: Temple of Ramses II, Abu Simbel. 19th Dynasty.
Date: ca. 1279-1213 BCE. Temple of Ramses II

42. Title: Interior Temple of Ramses II, Abu Simbel. 19th Dynasty.
Date: ca. 1279-1213 BCE. Interior Temple of Ramses II

43. Do you know
what
Mummification
means?

44. Mummification
means to preserve a body.
The Egyptian people created
mummies by packing the
dead with salt and then
wrapping the body with
linen cloth.
The process of mummification
took about
70days.
The mummified body would
be placed in a wooden
coffin. That coffin would be
placed in a stone
sarcophagus.

45.        
       
       
      
Mummy of Nes-
mut-aat-neru.
From Deir el-
Bahri, temple of
Hatshepsut; Third
Intermediate
Period, mid-
Dynasty 25, about
700-675 B.C.. Gift
of the Egypt
Exploration Fund
95.1407a
Burial Art – Mummies

46. Burial Art – Masks

47. Burial Art – Sarcophaguses

48. •Of the materials used by the Egyptian,
stone was the most plentiful and
permanent
•Sculpture was often painted in vivid hues
as well
•Cubic and frontal- echoes in its form
the shape of the stone cube or block
from which it was fashioned,
•The front of almost every statue is the
most important part and the figure sits
or stands facing strictly to the front
Ancient Egyptian Sculpture
Statues in the round usually depicted the gods,
Pharaohs, or civic officials, and were composed with
special reference to the maintenance of straight lines
Sculpture In the Round
Bust of Nefertiti

49. •Virtually all the wall-sculptures of the Ancient Egyptian Empire are in the form of bas-relief (low-
relief)
•Relief-composition merely meant arranging the figures in horizontal lines so as to record an event
or represent an action.
•The principal figures were distinguished from others by their size - gods were shown larger than
men, kings larger than their followers, and the dead larger than the living.
Relief Sculpture

50. Canopic Jars

51. THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!