Grammar - Condiitonals (zero, first, second, and third conditionals)

Grammar - Condiitonals (Zero, First, Second, and Third Conditionals)

1. Conditionals
If youfocus well, you will learnthis in no time! ;)
Prepared by Ronueldel Rosario

2. Conditional tenses are used to speculate
about:
-what could happen,
-what might have happened,
-what we wish would happen.
In English, most sentences using
conditionals contain the wordif or when.
What
are
Conditionals?

3. Many conditional forms include verbs in one of the
past tenses.
This usage is referred to as "the unreal past"
because we use a past tense but we are NOT
actually referring to something that happened in the
past.
Conditionals are made up of an ifclauseand a main
clause. In many negative conditional sentences, we
use"unless"instead of "if" or “when”.
What
are
Conditionals?

4. ●areusedwhenthetimereferredtois
noworalwaysandthesituationis
realandpossible.
●areusedtorefertogeneraltruths.
●areoftenexpressedwith"if"or
"when".
Types of Conditionals
Zero Conditional
ZeroConditionals...

5. Types of Conditionals
Zero Conditional
IF CLAUSEMAIN CLAUSE
‘If’ + simple presentSimple present
If this thing happensthat thing happens
If you heat iceit melts.
If it rainsthe grass gets wet.
●areusedwhenthetimereferredtois
noworalwaysandthesituationis
realandpossible.
●areusedtorefertogeneraltruths.
●areoftenexpressedwith"if"or
"when".
ZeroConditionals...

6. Types of Conditionals
Zero Conditional
IF CLAUSEMAIN CLAUSE
‘If’ + simple presentSimple present
If this thing happensthat thing happens
If you heat iceit melts.
If it rainsthe grass gets wet.
WRITEYOUROWNSENTENCE!
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
●areusedwhenthetimereferredtois
noworalwaysandthesituationis
realandpossible.
●areusedtorefertogeneraltruths.
●areoftenexpressedwith"if"or
"when".
ZeroConditionals...

7. ●areusedtorefertothepresentor
futurewherethesituationisreal.
●areusedtorefertoapossible
conditionanditsprobableresult
●areexpressedwiththe‘if’clausein
thesimplepresent,andthemain
clauseinthesimplefuture.
Types of Conditionals
Type 1 (First Conditional)
Type1Conditionals...

8. Types of Conditionals
Type 1 (First Conditional)
IF CLAUSEMAIN CLAUSE
‘If’ + simple
present
Simple future
If this thing
happens
that thing will happen.
If you don’t
hurry
you will miss the deadline.
If it rains todayyou will get wet.
●areusedtorefertothepresentor
futurewherethesituationisreal.
●areusedtorefertoapossible
conditionanditsprobableresult
●areexpressedwiththe‘if’clausein
thesimplepresent,andthemain
clauseinthesimplefuture.
Type1Conditionals...

9. Types of Conditionals
Type 1 (First Conditional)
IF CLAUSEMAIN CLAUSE
‘If’ + simple
present
Simple future
If this thing
happens
that thing will happen.
If you don’t hurryyou will miss the deadline.
If it rains todayyou will get wet.
WRITEYOUROWNSENTENCE!
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
●areusedtorefertothepresentor
futurewherethesituationisreal.
●areusedtorefertoapossible
conditionanditsprobableresult
●areexpressedwiththe‘if’clausein
thesimplepresent,andthemain
clauseinthesimplefuture.
Type1Conditionals...

10. ●areusedtorefertoatimethatis
noworanytime,andasituation
thatisunreal.
●arenotbasedonfact.
areusedtorefertohypothetical
conditionsandprobableresults.
●areexpressedwiththeifclausein
simplepast,andthemainclausein
thepresentconditional.
Types of Conditionals
Type 2 (Second Conditional)
Type2Conditionals...

11. Types of Conditionals
Type 2 (Second Conditional)
IF CLAUSEMAIN CLAUSE
‘If’ + simple pastPresent conditional or present
continuous conditional
If this thing
happened
that thing would happenORthat
thing would be happening.
If you went to bed
earlier
you would not be so tired.
If it rainedyou would get wet.
If I spoke ItalianI would totally live in Italy.
●areusedtorefertoatimethatis
noworanytime,andasituation
thatisunreal.
●arenotbasedonfact.
areusedtorefertohypothetical
conditionsandprobableresults.
●areexpressedwiththeifclausein
simplepast,andthemainclausein
thepresentconditional.
Type2Conditionals...

12. Types of Conditionals
Type 2 (Second Conditional)
IF CLAUSEMAIN CLAUSE
‘If’ + simple pastPresent conditional or present
continuous conditional
If this thing
happened
that thing would happenORthat
thing would be happening.
If you went to bed
earlier
you would not be so tired.
If it rainedyou would get wet.
If I spoke ItalianI would totally live in Italy.
WRITEYOUROWNSENTENCE!
____________________________
____________________________
●areusedtorefertoatimethatis
noworanytime,andasituation
thatisunreal.
●arenotbasedonfact.
areusedtorefertohypothetical
conditionsandprobableresults.
●areexpressedwiththeifclausein
simplepast,andthemainclausein
thepresentconditional.
Type2Conditionals...

13. ●areusedtorefertoatimethatisin
thepast,andasituationthatis
contrarytoreality
●arestatedwithbasisfactsthatare
theoppositeofwhatisexpressed.
areusedtorefertoanunrealpast
conditionanditsprobablepast
result.
●areexpressedwiththeifclauseinpast
perfect,andthemainclauseinperfect
conditional.
Types of Conditionals
Type 3 (Third Conditional)
Type3Conditionals...

14. Types of Conditionals
Type 3 (Third Conditional)
IF CLAUSEMAIN CLAUSE
‘If’ + past perfectPerfect conditional or perfect
continuous conditional
If this thing had
happened
that thing would have happened
OR that thing would have been
happening.
If you had studied
harder
you would have passed the exam.
If it had rainedyou would have gotten wet.
If I had accepted
the promotion
I would have been working in Italy.
●areusedtorefertoatimethatisin
thepast,andasituationthatis
contrarytoreality
●arestatedwithbasisfactsthatare
theoppositeofwhatisexpressed.
areusedtorefertoanunrealpast
conditionanditsprobablepast
result.
●areexpressedwiththeifclauseinpast
perfect,andthemainclauseinperfect
conditional.
Type3Conditionals...

15. Types of Conditionals
Type 3 (Third Conditional)
IF CLAUSEMAIN CLAUSE
‘If’ + past perfectPerfect conditional or perfect continuous
conditional
If this thing had
happened
that thing would have happenedOR that
thing would have been happening.
If you had studied
harder
you would have passed the exam.
If it had rainedyou would have gotten wet.
If I had accepted the
promotion
I would have been working in Italy.
WRITEYOUROWNSENTENCE!
____________________________
____________________________
●areusedtorefertoatimethatisin
thepast,andasituationthatis
contrarytoreality
●arestatedwithbasisfactsthatare
theoppositeofwhatisexpressed.
areusedtorefertoanunrealpast
conditionanditsprobablepast
result.
●areexpressedwiththeifclauseinpast
perfect,andthemainclauseinperfect
conditional.
Type3Conditionals...

16. Note!
Conditionals do NOT always have to begin
with the ‘If’ clause.
The main clause can also come first:
“I would have fully rested during my term
break if I had submitted my projects on time”
Inthiscasethereisnoneedforacomma
betweenthetwoclauses.

17. The Secret Code of Conditionals!!!
Conditional
sentence type
Usage‘If’ clause verb
tense
Main clause verb
tense
ZeroGeneral truthsSimple tenseSimple present
Type 1A possible
condition and its
probable result
Simple presentSimple future
Type 2A hypothetical
condition and its
probable result
Simple pastPresent
conditional or
Present
continuous
conditional
Type 3An unreal past
condition and its
probable result in
the past
Past perfectPerfect
conditional

18. Quiz!
What type of Conditionals are in the following sentences?
Conditional
type
Usage‘If’ clause verb tenseMain clause verb
tense
ZeroGeneral truthsSimple tenseSimple present
Type 1A possible condition and its
probable result
Simple presentSimple future
Type 2A hypothetical condition and
its probable result
Simple pastPresent conditional or
Present continuous
conditional
Type 3An unreal past condition and
its probable result in the past
Past perfectPerfect conditional
1. If I exercised, I would be less likely to have depression.

19. Quiz!
What type of Conditionals are in the following sentences?
Conditional
type
Usage‘If’ clause verb tenseMain clause verb
tense
ZeroGeneral truthsSimple tenseSimple present
Type 1A possible condition and its
probable result
Simple presentSimple future
Type 2A hypothetical condition and
its probable result
Simple pastPresent conditional or
Present continuous
conditional
Type 3An unreal past condition and
its probable result in the past
Past perfectPerfect conditional
2. When the temperature reaches zero degrees Celsius, water freezes.

20. Quiz!
What type of Conditionals are in the following sentences?
Conditional
type
Usage‘If’ clause verb tenseMain clause verb
tense
ZeroGeneral truthsSimple tenseSimple present
Type 1A possible condition and its
probable result
Simple presentSimple future
Type 2A hypothetical condition and
its probable result
Simple pastPresent conditional or
Present continuous
conditional
Type 3An unreal past condition and
its probable result in the past
Past perfectPerfect conditional
3. We might have seen each other at the mall if we had gone there at the same time.

21. Quiz!
What type of Conditionals are in the following sentences?
Conditional
type
Usage‘If’ clause verb tenseMain clause verb
tense
ZeroGeneral truthsSimple tenseSimple present
Type 1A possible condition and its
probable result
Simple presentSimple future
Type 2A hypothetical condition and
its probable result
Simple pastPresent conditional or
Present continuous
conditional
Type 3An unreal past condition and
its probable result in the past
Past perfectPerfect conditional
4. If you had admitted the truth, you wouldn’t have to make up so many excuses.

22. Quiz!
What type of Conditionals are in the following sentences?
Conditional
type
Usage‘If’ clause verb tenseMain clause verb
tense
ZeroGeneral truthsSimple tenseSimple present
Type 1A possible condition and its
probable result
Simple presentSimple future
Type 2A hypothetical condition and
its probable result
Simple pastPresent conditional or
Present continuous
conditional
Type 3An unreal past condition and
its probable result in the past
Past perfectPerfect conditional
5. If you keep going outside, you might get infected.

23. Quiz!
Which verb is correct?
6. What would you do if it (rained/ will rain/ would rain) on your wedding day?
7. If she comes, I (will/ would/ would have) call you.
8. When I eat peanut butter, I (would have gotten/ would get/ get) sick.
9. I would have driven you home if they had not (take/ taken/ would take) the car.

24. Quiz!
State whether you AGREE or DISAGREE.
Defend your answer using Conditionals!
Wearing face masks outdoors is necessary even if you are feeling well.

25. Quiz!
State whether you AGREE or DISAGREE.
Defend your answer using Conditionals!
Trying to accomplish tasks in spite of difficulties can be good for you.

26. Quiz!
State whether you AGREE or DISAGREE.
Defend your answer using Conditionals!
Tattoos are enough indications to assess a person’s character.

27. Self-evaluate!
Are you confident in your
knowledge of the
following? :)
ZeroConditionals.
Type1Conditionals.
Type2Conditionals.
Type3Conditionals.
IdentifyingConditionalsinasentence.
ComposingyourownsentenceswiththeuseofConditionals.

28. References
Education First. Conditional. Retrieved from
https://www.ef.com/wwen/english-resources/english-grammar/conditional/
English Club. Conditionals Quiz. Retrieved from
https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-conditional_quiz.htm
SJones, M. (2020). The Four Types of Conditionals and How to Use Them. Magoosh. Retrieved from
https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-conditional_quiz.htm