GREEN ENERGY Clean Energy for Secure Future

Basic Information about Green Energy Sources

1. GREEN Energy : clean energy
Prof Rajesh Sharma
Dean CDC, Dean Physical Sciences and HOD Physics
Sardar Patel University, Mandi (HP)
6/11/2024 1Green Energy

2. WELCOME
TO THE
WORLD OF
GREEN/RENEWABLE
ENERGY
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3. Structure of Presentation
•Overview of Energy Sector in India
•Different types of Renewable
Energy
•Solar Energy Missions
•Initiatives of Government of India
•Future of Green Energy
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4. Rattan Tata………….
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5. ENERGY
Then………
&
Now…..
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6. Long ago, people learned how to use water
power to turn paddle wheels and wind power
for transportation and irrigation
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7. People learned to use the chemical
energy stored in materials like wood to
cook and heat their homes
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8. But machines and technologies introduced
during the Industrial Revolution of the late
18
th
century required the use of other energy
resources, especially fossil fuels
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9. 1.Fossil fuel is finite
2.Alternative energy is expensive
3.Predicted high future demand
4.Demand outstripping the supply already
5.India has the second highest population
6.GHG and CO
2emissions
Why need to pay attention?
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10. •Use a different way of energy generation rather than
fossil fuel
•Improve the fuel to energy conversion of fossil fuel
•Improve the loss of energy transmission to end use
•Improve energy efficiency at end-use: potential of
contributing up to 65% of the projected growth
reduction
•CO
2emission
Ways to save energy
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11. Replacement of Incandescent Lamps
Simple
Bulb
LED
Lamp wattage (W) 40 8
Lighting level (lux)1,300 1,600
Estimated Savings 10,000
kWh/annu
m
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11
Green Energy

12. Advancedcountrieshavesetgoals.One
scenariostudiedinGermanyis:
a)maintaincurrentleveloftotalenergy
consumptionwhilemaintainingeconomic
growth,buildnomorefossilfuelpower
stations
b)phaseoutexistingnuclearstations
c)buildrenewabletoreplace
d)improveenergyefficiencyby50%by2050
tomeetnewenergyneeds
What other countries are doing?
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13. INDIA:
Laws for Renewable Energy and Energy
Efficiency established in recent years
Alternate Energy initiatives like Prime Minister's
solar Mission and Energy efficiency Mission,
Jawahar Lal Nehru Solar Mission etc
What is India doing?
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14. 1.Air conditioning already using
more than 16% of the total
electrical energy produce in
India
2.Average HVAC system running
constantly uses its capital cost
in electricity in just few months.
Why focus on HVAC ?
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15. GREEN/RENEWABLE
ENERGY
•Green energyis clean energy and is
used with technologies considered
clean, or environment friendly.
•Sources of power that are known to
be non-pollutingenergy sources.
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16. 6/11/2024 16Green Energy

17. India’s installed power capacity (in MW) provided by
Central Electricity Authority (Jan, 2023)
219810
6780
44963 42847
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
Thermal Nuclear Hydro Renewable Energy
Sources
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18. Percentage contributions of all
green/renewable energy sources
"Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Physical Progress (Achievements)".
57%
9%
16%
19%
0.20%
Wind
Small Hydro
Biomass
Solar
Waste to Power
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19. Types
Hydro Energy
Solar Energy
Wind Energy
Biomass : Fuel : Bagasse Energy
Tidal : Ocean : Wave Energy
Geothermal Energy
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20. 1
HYDEL ENERGY
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21. HYDEL ENERGY
First
•In 1878 the world's first hydroelectric power
scheme was developed in England by William
George Armstrong.
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22. HYDEL ENERGY CONT…
•Largest in World
China -22,500 MW (Three Gorges Dam in Hubei)
Completion Time -2000 to 2008
•Largest in India
Arunanchal Pradesh, Siang -11,000 MW
Completion Time -2009 to 2024
•Largest in Himachal
Nathpa Jhakri Project -1500 MW-2200 MW
Parbati Project-2051 MW
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23. 2
SOLAR ENERGY
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24. SOLAR ENERGY CONT…
•Largest in World and India
Rajasthan, Jaipur -4,000 MW
Completion Time –2024
•Largest in Himachal
Rampur-230 KW
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25. SOLAR THERMAL
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26. SOLAR COOKING
•Solar Box Cooker
•Parabolic Dish Solar Cooker
•Community Solar Cooker
•Solar Steam Cooking System
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27. Solar Box Cooker
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28. Parabolic Dish Solar Cooker
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29. MIRROR
SURFACE OF
SHEFFLER
CONCENTRATOR
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30. TEMPRATURE
ABOVE 4OO
DEGREE CELCIUS
ACHIEVED WITH
SHEFFLER TYPE
CONCENTRATOR
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31. HEATING WATER
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32. DOMESTIC SOLAR
GEYSOR/SOLAR
WATER HEATER
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33. EVACUATED TUBE TECHNOLOGY FOR SOLAR
WATER HEATING SYSTEM
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34. 6/11/2024 34Green Energy

35. SOLAR STILL
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36. 6/11/2024 36Green Energy

37. SOLAR DRYER
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38. Heating Living Spaces
Passive Solar
Trombe Wall
Passively heated home in
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38
Green Energy

39. SOLAR PHOTO VOLTAIC
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40. 6/11/2024 40Green Energy

41. SOLAR GARDEN
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42. Solar fiber
Copy rights© m.p.singh
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43. Solar devices
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44. 3
WIND ENERGY
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45. WIND ENERGY
First
•In 1887 first wind turbine in Scotland by Prof
James Blyth
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46. WIND ENERGY CONT…
•Largest in World
China -5000 MW (Gansu Wind
Farm)
•Largest in India
Tamil Nadu –1500 MW
•Largest in Himachal
SJVNL has taken initiative
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47. 6/11/2024 47Green Energy

48. THE WIND TURBINE
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49. 6/11/2024 49Green Energy

50. 6/11/2024 50Green Energy

51. 6/11/2024 51Green Energy

52. 4
BIOMASS ENERGY
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53. What is biomass?
All organic matter is known as
biomass, and the energy
released from biomass when
it is eaten, burnt or
converted into fuels is called
biomass energy.
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54. Biomass Energy
•For producing heat
energy
•Anything from the nature
which can burn to heat.
•E.g. charcoal, wood,
Mustard oil
•For producing
electricity
•Using method is same
as oil. Burn it and get
energy either for a state
or a house.
•E.g. wood, crop
residues, Mustard oil
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55. 5
TIDAL ENERGY
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56. Prof. Alexander Gorlov
of Northeastern University
with the helical turbine
he invented and perfected
Tidal Energy can be captured
•efficiently and
•inexpensively
using the helical
turbine
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57. Schematic view of the helical turbine mounted in a frame.
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58. 6
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
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59. What is Geothermal Energy?
•Geo (Greek for earth)
Thermal (heat)
•Temp. of Shallow Crust
(upper 10 ft.) Constant
55-75°F (13-24°C)
•Up to 14,400°F
(8,000°C) at Molten Core
(approx. 4,000 mi. to
center of core)
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60. NATIONAL SOLAR
MISSIONS
•National Solar Mission
•Jawahar Lal Nehru
National Solar Mission
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61. National Solar Mission
(NSM)
•Launchedon11
th
Jan,2010,withatargetfor
developmentanddeploymentof20GWsolar
powerbytheyear2022.
•On7
th
Jun,2015targetwasrevisedfrom20GW
to100GW
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62. JNNSM
S NoApplication
Segment
Target (In MW)
Phase -1
(2012-13)
Phase-2
(2013-17)
Phase-3
(2017-22)
1 Off Grid Solar 200 1000 2000
2 Grid connected solar
including roof top solar
PV projects
1100 10000 20000
3 Solar Thermal 7 million sq m15 millionsq m20 million sq m
4 Solar Lighting 5 million 10 million 20 million
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63. Rate Contract through Himurja
Solar WaterHeating Systems
S No Capacity (in Littre)Rate Subsidy Net Amount
1 100 28220 13200 15020
2 200 50377 26400 23977
3 500 101625 58084 43541
Street Light
1 LED Street Light 28000 85-90% 30006/11/2024 63Green Energy

64. AKSHAY URJA SHOPS
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65. Initiatives of Government of India
DeenDayalUpadhyayaGram JyotiYojana(DDUGYY)
•Strengthening rural areas
•Scheme Outcome: 8 hours of quality power supply to farmers &
24-hour electricity to households
UJWAL DISCOM ASSURANCE YOJANA (UDAY)
A scheme for turnaround of DISCOMs (notified Nov, 2015) aims
at
•Reduction of loss to 15% by 2018-19
•Reduction of gap to zero by 2018-19
•Almost all DISCOMs to be profitable by 2017-18, remaining 3-4
by 2018-19
Funding for brighter tomorrow
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66. UJWALDISCOMASSURANCE YOJANA(UDAY)isthemostcomprehensive
powersectorreformever
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67. Initiatives of Government of India cont….
•AtalJyotiYojana(AJAY)
•UnderAtalJyotiYojna(AJAY)programmeSolarStreet
Lightsaretobeinstalledinrural,semi-urbanandurban
areaswhichdon’tenjoyadequatecoverageofpower
gridinfewstates
•ThetotalcostoftheschemeisRs499.30crore.MNRE
isprovidingprovide75%ofthecostofstreetlights
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70. Initiatives of Government of India
cont…..
•AMENDMENTS IN THE TARIFF
POLICY
•To increase Efficiency
•Sustainable Environment
•Ease of doing business
Funding for brighter tomorrow
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71. Log in
www.mnre.gov.in
www.himurja.nic.in
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72. Future of Green Energy
•Ocean tidal, wave and current energy develops
for coastal areas
–Current energy devices provide technology for river
and some stream energy extraction
•Distributed energy from rooftop solar water and
electrical systems reduce need for transmission
line installations
•Nuclear fission spent fuel is recycled to make
additional fuel (not really a renewable)
•Nuclear fusion remains a 30-year technology
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73. Future of Green Energy
•Future cars likely will be plug-in hybridsrunning
occasionally on CNG, bioethanol or biodiesel for long
trips; design options based upon area
•Trains will replace aircraft for civilian long trips
•Renewable energy offers a long-term, sustainable
approach to the World’s energy needs, but costs more
–Cost decreases
•Economics drives the selection process and short-
term thinkingleads to disregard of long-term, overall
cost ---this attitude must change!
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74. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Six storey building at Shoolini
University has been considered
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75. Total CO
2
emission and costof the fuel
Fuel CO
2Emission
perkWh(ing)
Total CO
2
Emission
(in ton)
Totalcost
(inUSD)
Electricity4 6.9 87,824.6
SolarEnergy0 0 -
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76. Approximate expenditure to reduce energy use and CO
2
emission by using energy
efficient features and different renewable energy technologies
SNoEnergy Efficient
Feature/Renewable Energy
Technology
Approximate Cost
(In Lac)
Pay Back Duration
(In Years)
1. Insulation 10.0 4
2. Glazing 5.0 3
3. WindowArea 10.0 4
4. DistillationPlant 0.2 9
5. SteamCooking 10.0 3
6. PowerPlant 30.0 5
Grand Total 46.0
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77. Total CO
2
emission and costof the fuel after using energy efficient
features
Fuel CO
2Emission per
kWh (in g)
Total CO
2
Emission
(in ton)
Totalcost
(inUSD)
Electricity4 3.4 42,389.7
Solar
Energy
0 0 -
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78. REDUCE
RECYCLE
REUSE
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79. No Power is
costlier than No
Power!
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80. 80
Tohelpmake Indiaan
attractiveglobaldestination
and aworld leader in
energy…………………… ..GO
GREEN
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81. Thank You
8219200439
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